Table 19.

Summary of evidence from the individual studies on the effect of the intervention on health outcomes.

	Number of Papers	Evidence 1 That Health Outcome Changed			Observed Magnitude of Change in Health Outcome
		YES	NO	n.a.	Magnitude at Least as Predicted by ERF	Excess 2 Response	n.a.3
ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE SOURCES (33)
Outcome: Annoyance (23)
A Source Intervention	9	*******		**	*******	*******	**
B Path Intervention	6	******			****	** ?	**
C New/Closed Infrastructure	2	**			**	**
D Other physical	6	******
Outcome: Sleep Disturbance (6)
A Source Intervention	1			*			*
B Path Intervention	2	**					**
C New/Closed Infrastructure	2	**					**
D Other physical	1	*
Outcome: Cardiovascular Effects (4)
D Other physical	4	***	*
AIRCRAFT NOISE SOURCES (7)
Outcome: Annoyance (4)
B Path Intervention	1	*					*
C New/Closed Infrastructure	3	***			***	***
Outcome: Sleep Disturbance (2)
C New/Closed Infrastructure	2	**			*		*
Outcome: Cognitive Development in Children (1)
C New/Closed Infrastructure	1	*					*
RAIL NOISE SOURCES (3)
Outcome: Annoyance (3)
A Source Intervention	1	*					*
C New/Closed Infrastructure	1			*			*
E Education/Communication	1	*

* Statistical significance of finding reported in the original study. * Finding interpreted by original, or current, authors based on data/tables/plots in original study. ¹ Note that the evidence is indirect for Interventions Type D (Other Physical). ² Excess response occurs where the total difference between the observed before and after outcomes is greater than the magnitude of the change in response estimated from an ERF, for a given change in exposure. ³ n.a. = not applicable/not available: no change in exposure or not reported. ^? = unclear finding.