Table 3.
Frequency (%) and Pearson χ2 of perpetrators towards physicians and nurses in relation to physical assault, verbal abuse, bullying, sexual harassment, and racial harassment (n = 720).
| Perpetrator | Physical Assault (n, %) | χ2 | Verbal Abuse (n, %) | χ2 | Bullying (n, %) | χ2 | Sexual Harassment (n, %) | χ2 | Racial Harassment (n, %) | χ2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physician | Nurse | Physician | Nurse | Physician | Nurse | Physician | Nurse | Physician | Nurse | ||||||
| Patient | 1 (1) | 100 (99) | 15.30 *** | 25 (10.9) | 204 (89.1) | 0.03 | 7 (12.7) | 48 (87.3) | 0.08 | 4 (21.1) | 15 (78.9) | 3.35 | 1 (14.3) | 6 (85.7) | 0.31 |
| Patient’s family members | 3 (23.1) | 10 (76.9) | 16.77 *** | 14 (10.1) | 125 (89.9) | 0.08 | 5 (20.0) | 20 (80.0) | 2.09 | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | 0.34 | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 0.80 |
| Colleagues | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | 0.07 | 0 (0) | 34 (100) | 4.46 * | 0 (0) | 18 (100) | 2.95 | 0 (0) | 9 (100) | 1.71 | 1 (16.7) | 5 (83.3) | 0.10 |
* p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001; χ2: Pearson Chi-square.