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. 2017 Sep;27(9):1536–1548. doi: 10.1101/gr.217216.116

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© 2017 Papa et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

This article, published in Genome Research, is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Figure 5. — Functional analysis of rapidly evolving and highly sex-biased genes from the carcass of An. gambiae. (A) Relative proportions of putative functions among rapidly evolving sex-biased genes (sex-specific and strongly biased) in the carcass of An. gambiae. (B) Sex-biased expression ratios (in log₂ fold change male/female) over sequence divergence rates (in d_N/d_S) for genes displaying strong bias or sex-specific expression in the carcass of An. gambiae. Horizontal box plots indicate d_N/d_S values for female- (red) and male-biased (blue) genes, highlighting the median values of each sex, which were used as a cutoff for downstream analysis. Genes with d_N/d_S value greater than the median of each sex are highlighted with putative functions using Gene Ontology (GO), orthology-based predictions, and community annotations (colored circles). Empty circles indicate genes evolving below our threshold of sequence divergence.