Levels of free (top) and total (bottom) MDA in plasma of humans and other vertebrates. The studied animal species were (from left to right) Homo sapiens (human), Scolopsis bilineatus (fish), Passer domesticus (bird), Carollia perspicillata (bat), and Fukomys damarensis (rodent). Data are from three replicates + SD, except for free MDA in house sparrow for which only one replicate was available.