Table 2. Grip strength in Moscow, Denmark, and England.
SAHRa | MADT and LSADT | ELSA | SAHR education-adjusted | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | ||||||||||||
Age | N | Mean | SE | N | Mean | SE | N | Mean | SE | N | Mean | SE |
55–59 | 125 | 44.4 | 0.68 | 501 | 48.2*c | 0.32 | 689 | 45.8 | 0.31 | 125 | 44.2 | 0.67 |
60–64 | 159 | 41.7 | 0.57 | 470 | 44.2*cc | 0.35 | 527 | 43.0 | 0.39 | 159 | 41.5 | 0.58 |
65–69 | 158 | 39.6 | 0.56 | 294 | 41.8**c | 0.43 | 538 | 40.2 | 0.35 | 158 | 39.6 | 0.56 |
70–74 | 160 | 36.7 | 0.52 | 679 | 37.4 | 0.29 | 448 | 38.0ǂd | 0.34 | 160 | 36.7 | 0.52 |
75–79 | 127 | 32.7 | 0.66 | 338 | 35.0**c | 0.40 | 311 | 34.3 | 0.40 | 127 | 32.5 | 0.66 |
80–84 | 68 | 30.5 | 0.71 | 131 | 30.3 | 0.62 | 186 | 30.5 | 0.53 | 68 | 30.4 | 0.71 |
85–89 | 28 | 27.6 | 1.46 | 86 | 27.3 | 0.75 | 71 | 27.8 | 0.90 | 28 | 27.0 | 1.47 |
All ages | 825 | 38.0 | 0.29 | 2499 | 40.3 | 0.19 | 2770 | 40.1 | 0.18 | 825 | 37.8 | 0.30 |
Age-stand.b | 825 | 38.4 | 0.25 | 2499 | 40.4*c | 0.15 | 2770 | 39.4*d | 0.15 | 825 | 38.2 | 0.25 |
Women | ||||||||||||
Age | N | Mean | SE | N | Mean | SE | N | Mean | SE | N | Mean | SE |
55–59 | 146 | 24.8 | 0.44 | 462 | 27.7*c | 0.26 | 756 | 27.3*d | 0.22 | 146 | 24.9 | 0.42 |
60–64 | 200 | 24.5 | 0.33 | 472 | 25.9*c | 0.24 | 593 | 25.7**d | 0.24 | 200 | 24.4 | 0.34 |
65–69 | 227 | 23.5 | 0.30 | 270 | 25.0*c | 0.31 | 556 | 24.8*d | 0.23 | 227 | 23.3 | 0.31 |
70–74 | 217 | 20.8 | 0.32 | 677 | 23.0*c | 0.20 | 439 | 22.7*d | 0.25 | 217 | 20.4 | 0.33 |
75–79 | 87 | 19.2 | 0.53 | 410 | 21.0**c | 0.24 | 370 | 20.6ǂd | 0.27 | 87 | 18.6 | 0.50 |
80–84 | 66 | 17.2 | 0.62 | 249 | 18.8 | 0.28 | 259 | 18.0 | 0.31 | 66 | 16.8 | 0.59 |
85–89 | 13 | 16.2 | 1.15 | 148 | 16.3 | 0.37 | 105 | 17.3 | 0.41 | 13 | 15.0 | 1.27 |
All ages | 956 | 22.3 | 0.17 | 2688 | 23.4 | 0.12 | 3078 | 23.9 | 0.11 | 956 | 21.9 | 0.18 |
Age-stand. | 956 | 22.1 | 0.16 | 2688 | 24.0*c | 0.10 | 3078 | 23.7*d | 0.10 | 956 | 21.9 | 0.15 |
a: N–sample size, SE–standard error, SAHR–Study of Stress, Aging, and Health in Russia, MADT–the Study of Middle-Aged Danish Twins, LSADT–the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins, ELSA–the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
b: Standardized to the Revised European Standard Population 2013: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/user-guidance/health-and-life-events/revised-european-standard-population-2013--2013-esp-/index.html
c: p–value for SAHR vs. DK differences in grip strength
d: p–value for SAHR vs. ELSA differences in grip strength
* p-value < 0.001
** p-value <0.01
ǂ p-value <0.05