Table 2. The levels of the cytokines and adhesion molecules reflecting endothelial dysfunction in cases and controls.
| Biomarkers (pg/mL) | Case group | Control group (n = 68) |
P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute sampling (n = 134) | Second sampling (n = 122) | Acute vs. Second | Acute vs. Control | Second vs. Control | ||
| VEGFA | 2.74 (2.52, 3.01) | 2.92 (2.55, 3.11) | 1.14 (0.21, 2.65) | 0.033 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| ICAM-1 | 5.92 (5.57, 6.22) | 6.24 (6.03, 6.44) | 6.06 (5.84, 6.23) | <0.001 | 0.073 | <0.001 |
| CD40L | 0.93 (0.13, 1.72) | 1.69 (0.75, 2.07) | -0.22 (-0.27, 1.53) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| PAI-1 | 4.61 (4.42, 4.77) | 4.37 (4.10, 4.66) | 3.38 (1.01, 4.07) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| tPA | 3.76 (3.26, 4.04) | 3.19 (2.78, 3.76) | 2.22 (1.97, 3.12) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| VCAM-1 | 5.94 (5.83, 6.1) | 5.87 (5.78, 5.94) | 5.82 (5.68, 5.89) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.013 |
| P-selectin | 4.12 (3.87, 4.31) | 4.19 (3.93, 4.4) | 3.9 (3.43, 4.36) | 0.068 | 0.011 | <0.001 |
| PECAM-1 | 4.53 (4.3, 4.68) | 4.46 (4.17, 4.71) | 4.07 (3.34, 4.42) | 0.081 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| E-selectin | 3.99 (3.7, 4.19) | 3.99 (3.63, 4.25) | 3.36 (3.01, 3.95) | 0.480 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| SAA-1 | 6.74 (6.55, 7.07) | 6.66 (5.8, 7.28) | 5.05 (4.71, 5.32) | 0.064 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Data are given as log-transformed median (interquartile range); The comparison was made by applying Mann-Whitney U test.