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. 2017 Sep 2;18:165. doi: 10.1186/s12931-017-0651-5

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Elevated extracellular histones in the plasma of ARDS patients. aMedian plasma histones were significantly increased in ARDS patients than in healthy controls (both p < 0.0001). b Plasma histone levels correlated with disease severity. Severe ARDS patients had higher extracellular histone levels than moderate or mild patients (all p < 0.05). c Median plasma histones were higher in nonsurvivor ARDS patients than those in survivors (p = 0.017). d Sequential plasma histone levels in ARDS patients at admission and days 3–5 and days 7–9. According to 28-day mortality, patients surviving the episode of ARDS (good prognosis) had a significant reduction in histone levels whereas nonsurvivors (poor prognosis) did not. Variables were expressed as median (interquartile range)