Fig. 8.

Inhibition of SUR1-TRPM4 channels with glibenclamide reduces Tnf, Baff, Ccl2, and Nos2 mRNA in activated astrocytes. a–d Exposure of astrocytes to TNF + IFNγ (20 ng/mL each, overnight) upregulated mRNA for Abcc8 and Trpm4 (a), and induced the expression of functional SUR1-TRPM4 channels (b, d) that were not detected in non-activated astrocytes (b, c); note that SUR1-TRPM4 channel currents are activated by the SUR1-activator, diazoxide, and are blocked by the SUR1-inhibitor, glibenclamide, and the TRPM4 inhibitor, 9-phenanthrol (9-Phe) (d); n = 8–12 cells/condition. e Fold-increase in mRNA for Tnf, Baff, Ccl2, and Nos2, induced by activation of astrocytes by TNF + IFNγ, observed in the presence of vehicle (Veh) or glibenclamide (10 μM); n = 3–5 cultures/condition; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01