Table 1.
Gender difference of socioeconomic and health factors in Chinese older adults, 2013 (n = 18,448)
| Variables | Men n (%) |
Women n (%) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Childhood SES | |||
| Birth place: | |||
| Urban | 923 (10.5) | 947 (9.8) | 0.118 |
| Rural | 7871 (89.5) | 8707 (90.2) | |
| Father’s education: | |||
| No education | 4931 (56.1) | 5465 (56.6) | 0.271 |
| Some education | 3166 (36.0) | 3388 (35.1) | |
| Father’s occupation: | |||
| No manual | 1913 (21.7) | 2070 (21.5) | 0.570 |
| Manual | 6068 (69.0) | 6702 (69.4) | |
| Childhood health | |||
| Good | 6164 (70.1) | 6652 (68.9) | 0.005** |
| Less than good | 1973 (22.4) | 2348 (24.3) | |
| Adult SES | |||
| Education: | |||
| Illiterate | 1097 (12.5) | 3741 (38.7) | <0.001** |
| Only read and write | 1581 (18.0) | 1710 (17.7) | |
| Finished primary | 2276 (25.9) | 1764 (18.3) | |
| Junior high and above | 3840 (43.6) | 2439 (25.3) | |
| Household incomes per capita: | |||
| Low | 1918 (21.8) | 2710 (28.1) | <0.001** |
| Middle | 4301 (48.9) | 4914 (50.9) | |
| High | 2575 (29.3) | 2030 (21.0) | |
| Adult health and behaviors | |||
| Chronic diseases: | |||
| No | 3208 (36.5) | 3218 (33.3) | <0.001** |
| Yes | 5586 (63.5) | 6436 (66.7) | |
| Currently smokers: | |||
| No | 6163 (70.1) | 9292 (96.2) | <0.001** |
| Yes | 2631 (29.9) | 362 (3.8) | |
| Currently drinkers: | |||
| No | 4729 (53.8) | 8877 (92.0) | <0.001** |
| Yes | 4065 (46.2) | 777 (8.0) | |
** P < 0.01