Table 4.
Summary of the data for the recovery rates of 49 VOCs added to the adsorbents in 3 commercial active samplers at 3 concentration levels and extracted with carbon disulfide
| VOC | Multipliera | Sibata | SKC | Gastec | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (%) | SD (%) | RSD (%) | Mean (%) | SD (%) | RSD (%) | Mean (%) | SD (%) | RSD (%) | ||
| Acetone | 0.5 | 101 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 95 | 17 | 18 | 92 | 13 | 14 |
| 1 | 88 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 84 | 10 | 12 | 84 | 14 | 16 | |
| 2 | 93 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 74 | 13 | 18 | 75 | 4.9 | 6.5 | |
| Benzene | 0.5 | 88 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 88 | 11 | 12 | 109 | 6.9 | 6.3 |
| 1 | 97 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 100 | 10 | 10 | 104 | 5.8 | 5.5 | |
| 2 | 100 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 106 | 15 | 14 | 102 | 2.4 | 2.3 | |
| 1-Butanol | 0.5 | 69 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 62 | 11 | 18 | 98 | 7.4 | 7.6 |
| 1 | 97 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 71 | 6.7 | 9.4 | 95 | 8.1 | 8.5 | |
| 2 | 106 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 78 | 10 | 13 | 92 | 5.5 | 6.0 | |
| 2-Butanol | 0.5 | 93 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 80 | 10 | 13 | 101 | 8.2 | 8.2 |
| 1 | 97 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 85 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 84 | 9.3 | 11 | |
| 2 | 87 | 7.7 | 8.8 | 90 | 13 | 14 | 101 | 7.1 | 7.0 | |
| n-Butyl acetate | 0.5 | 112 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 83 | 7.4 | 8.9 | 109 | 2.1 | 1.9 |
| 1 | 105 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 102 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 109 | 2.1 | 1.9 | |
| 2 | 102 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 101 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 104 | 2.5 | 2.4 | |
| Chlorobenzene | 0.5 | 97 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 95 | 13 | 14 | 96 | 4.2 | 4.4 |
| 1 | 103 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 97 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 98 | 4.0 | 4.1 | |
| 2 | 96 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 100 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 93 | 2.4 | 2.6 | |
| Chloroform | 0.5 | 84 | 7.7 | 9.2 | 87 | 14 | 16 | 108 | 7.3 | 6.8 |
| 1 | 100 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 102 | 11 | 10 | 108 | 10 | 9.3 | |
| 2 | 99 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 106 | 10 | 10 | 99 | 6.2 | 6.3 | |
| o-Cresol | 0.5 | 6.3 | 0.4 | 7.1 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 53 | 21 | 3.4 | 16 |
| 1 | 31 | 2.8 | 9.1 | 3.6 | 0.6 | 16 | 28 | 4.1 | 15 | |
| 2 | 29 | 3.5 | 12 | 8.1 | 1.0 | 13 | 29 | 3.2 | 11 | |
| m-Cresol | 0.5 | 5.9 | 0.6 | 10 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 36 | 12 | 1.9 | 16 |
| 1 | 29 | 1.3 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 0.8 | 21 | 17 | 3.0 | 18 | |
| 2 | 24 | 2.9 | 12 | 7.5 | 0.6 | 8.4 | 18 | 1.7 | 9.3 | |
| p-Cresol | 0.5 | 5.4 | 0.6 | 12 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 65 | 11 | 1.9 | 18 |
| 1 | 22 | 0.9 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 45 | 13 | 1.6 | 12 | |
| 2 | 20 | 2.3 | 12 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 10 | 13 | 1.4 | 10 | |
| Cyclohexanol | 0.5 | 81 | 7.2 | 8.9 | 75 | 13 | 18 | 94 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
| 1 | 86 | 20 | 23 | 65 | 7.4 | 11 | 94 | 4.3 | 4.6 | |
| 2 | 92 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 77 | 5.7 | 7.5 | 100 | 9.2 | 9.2 | |
| Cyclohexanone | 0.5 | 105 | 11 | 11 | 76 | 10 | 13 | 91 | 5.6 | 6.1 |
| 1 | 88 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 76 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 94 | 3.6 | 3.8 | |
| 2 | 92 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 70 | 16 | 23 | 87 | 2.5 | 2.9 | |
| p-Dichlorobenzene | 0.5 | 83 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 87 | 19 | 22 | 92 | 7.5 | 8.2 |
| 1 | 98 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 86 | 8.6 | 10 | 87 | 7.3 | 8.4 | |
| 2 | 91 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 92 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 84 | 4.5 | 5.4 | |
| 1,2-Dichloroethane | 0.5 | 87 | 7.6 | 8.8 | 87 | 14 | 16 | 105 | 7.3 | 6.9 |
| 1 | 103 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 101 | 10 | 10 | 103 | 7.2 | 7.1 | |
| 2 | 113 | 8.7 | 7.6 | 100 | 12 | 12 | 99 | 5.4 | 5.4 | |
| cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene | 0.5 | 113 | 11 | 10 | 109 | 13 | 12 | 106 | 9.4 | 8.9 |
| 1 | 108 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 103 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 111 | 8.8 | 8.0 | |
| 2 | 108 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 116 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 91 | 2.6 | 2.8 | |
| Dichloromethane | 0.5 | 72 | 10 | 14 | 84 | 21 | 24 | 108 | 16 | 15 |
| 1 | 92 | 13 | 14 | 102 | 17 | 16 | 104 | 13 | 12 | |
| 2 | 97 | 11 | 12 | 102 | 24 | 23 | 96 | 15 | 16 | |
| 1,2-Dichloropropane | 0.5 | 88 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 94 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 105 | 1.9 | 1.8 |
| 1 | 108 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 100 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 105 | 3.7 | 3.5 | |
| 2 | 110 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 103 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 100 | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| N,N-Dimethylformamide | 0.5 | 36 | 2.5 | 6.9 | 24 | 6.0 | 25 | 22 | 6.1 | 28 |
| 1 | 73 | 5.7 | 7.9 | 19 | 3.7 | 20 | 30 | 2.1 | 7.0 | |
| 2 | 66 | 3.3 | 4.9 | 28 | 3.2 | 11 | 43 | 2.6 | 6.2 | |
| 1,4-Dioxane | 0.5 | 103 | 10 | 10 | 94 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 103 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
| 1 | 112 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 97 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 93 | 3.7 | 4.0 | |
| 2 | 109 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 109 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 88 | 2.2 | 2.5 | |
| Ethyl acetate | 0.5 | 104 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 94 | 11 | 12 | 106 | 8.4 | 7.9 |
| 1 | 98 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 91 | 7.2 | 7.9 | 110 | 12 | 10 | |
| 2 | 94 | 9.3 | 10 | 98 | 10 | 11 | 104 | 11 | 10 | |
| Ethyl ether | 0.5 | 98 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 106 | 16 | 15 | 105 | 13 | 12 |
| 1 | 93 | 9.2 | 10 | 92 | 12 | 13 | 116 | 19 | 16 | |
| 2 | 94 | 16 | 17 | 72 | 22 | 31 | 88 | 8.1 | 9.2 | |
| Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether | 0.5 | 70 | 8.5 | 12 | 25 | 8.6 | 35 | 90 | 5.8 | 6.5 |
| 1 | 78 | 6.2 | 7.9 | 25 | 4.7 | 18 | 86 | 5.9 | 6.9 | |
| 2 | 87 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 36 | 1.7 | 4.6 | 91 | 15 | 16 | |
| Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether | 0.5 | 74 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 20 | 6.6 | 33 | 84 | 5.7 | 6.8 |
| 1 | 114 | 8.6 | 7.5 | 75 | 13 | 17 | 59 | 5.2 | 8.7 | |
| 2 | 78 | 8.0 | 10 | 11 | 3.2 | 30 | 63 | 2.1 | 3.4 | |
| Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate | 0.5 | 107 | 12 | 11 | 72 | 16 | 23 | 104 | 3.0 | 2.9 |
| 1 | 70 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 21 | 2.9 | 14 | 84 | 8.5 | 10 | |
| 2 | 95 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 91 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 101 | 4.4 | 4.3 | |
| n-Hexane | 0.5 | 95 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 105 | 9.0 | 8.6 | 109 | 7.3 | 6.6 |
| 1 | 109 | 11 | 10 | 97 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 116 | 11 | 10 | |
| 2 | 100 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 88 | 22 | 25 | 95 | 3.6 | 3.8 | |
| Isobutyl acetate | 0.5 | 107 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 88 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 109 | 2.1 | 1.9 |
| 1 | 106 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 98 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 94 | 4.0 | 4.3 | |
| 2 | 103 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 100 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 109 | 3.9 | 3.6 | |
| Isobutyl alcohol | 0.5 | 67 | 4.2 | 6.3 | 83 | 7.9 | 9.4 | 93 | 5.8 | 6.3 |
| 1 | 78 | 7.3 | 9.3 | 83 | 7.3 | 8.7 | 88 | 9.4 | 11 | |
| 2 | 95 | 11 | 12 | 92 | 13 | 14 | 96 | 5.2 | 5.4 | |
| Isopentyl acetate | 0.5 | 101 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 99 | 12 | 12 | 105 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
| 1 | 113 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 101 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 105 | 3.8 | 3.7 | |
| 2 | 104 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 98 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 102 | 4.0 | 4.0 | |
| Isopentyl alcohol | 0.5 | 81 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 70 | 10 | 15 | 97 | 4.4 | 4.5 |
| 1 | 99 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 78 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 97 | 5.1 | 5.3 | |
| 2 | 96 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 73 | 4.7 | 6.5 | 88 | 4.6 | 5.3 | |
| Isopropyl acetate | 0.5 | 112 | 7.3 | 6.5 | 83 | 12 | 15 | 104 | 5.7 | 5.4 |
| 1 | 100 | 35 | 35 | 100 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 115 | 10 | 9.0 | |
| 2 | 96 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 91 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 104 | 5.7 | 5.5 | |
| Isopropyl alcohol | 0.5 | 81 | 11 | 14 | 84 | 15 | 18 | 87 | 11 | 13 |
| 1 | 79 | 14 | 18 | 73 | 10 | 14 | 88 | 14 | 16 | |
| 2 | 92 | 13 | 15 | 85 | 20 | 24 | 90 | 10 | 11 | |
| Methyl acetate | 0.5 | 70 | 8.0 | 11 | 78 | 18 | 22 | 106 | 17 | 16 |
| 1 | 90 | 34 | 38 | 99 | 13 | 13 | 101 | 13 | 13 | |
| 2 | 87 | 9.2 | 11 | 81 | 7.6 | 9.3 | 100 | 11 | 11 | |
| Methyl n-butyl ketone | 0.5 | 100 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 90 | 6.7 | 7.5 | 101 | 5.4 | 5.3 |
| 1 | 98 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 99 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 100 | 4.8 | 4.8 | |
| 2 | 97 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 98 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 96 | 2.3 | 2.4 | |
| 4-Methylcyclohexanol | 0.5 | 95 | 10 | 10 | 67 | 21 | 31 | 97 | 5.4 | 5.6 |
| 1 | 85 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 61 | 8.9 | 15 | 95 | 5.7 | 6.0 | |
| 2 | 87 | 9.0 | 10 | 80 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 91 | 7.6 | 8.3 | |
| 4-Methylcyclohexanone | 0.5 | 98 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 86 | 17 | 20 | 98 | 6.3 | 6.5 |
| 1 | 99 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 83 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 96 | 6.6 | 6.9 | |
| 2 | 92 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 88 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 90 | 2.4 | 2.7 | |
| Methyl ethyl ketone | 0.5 | 66 | 6.2 | 9.4 | 79 | 15 | 19 | 104 | 10 | 9.4 |
| 1 | 94 | 30 | 32 | 92 | 9.0 | 10 | 106 | 10 | 10 | |
| 2 | 97 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 87 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 95 | 6.7 | 7.0 | |
| Methyl isobutyl ketone | 0.5 | 94 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 89 | 9.3 | 10 | 106 | 2.8 | 2.7 |
| 1 | 104 | 36 | 34 | 94 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 115 | 4.4 | 3.8 | |
| 2 | 99 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 97 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 109 | 3.9 | 3.6 | |
| n-Pentyl acetate | 0.5 | 100 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 98 | 13 | 14 | 105 | 5.5 | 5.2 |
| 1 | 112 | 7.2 | 6.4 | 98 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 103 | 4.5 | 4.3 | |
| 2 | 98 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 96 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 100 | 6.8 | 6.8 | |
| n-Propyl acetate | 0.5 | 99 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 89 | 9.3 | 10 | 105 | 4.7 | 4.5 |
| 1 | 90 | 17 | 19 | 99 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 115 | 5.9 | 5.1 | |
| 2 | 97 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 100 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 113 | 3.1 | 2.7 | |
| Styrene | 0.5 | 81 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 71 | 12 | 16 | 91 | 5.7 | 6.2 |
| 1 | 97 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 74 | 5.4 | 7.3 | 93 | 4.4 | 4.7 | |
| 2 | 89 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 87 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 89 | 2.4 | 2.7 | |
| Tetrachloroethylene | 0.5 | 98 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 95 | 11 | 11 | 100 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| 1 | 107 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 101 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 101 | 2.7 | 2.7 | |
| 2 | 102 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 103 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 96 | 1.2 | 1.3 | |
| Tetrachloromethane | 0.5 | 97 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 90 | 12 | 14 | 108 | 5.8 | 5.4 |
| 1 | 99 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 103 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 107 | 6.0 | 5.6 | |
| 2 | 99 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 104 | 10 | 9.4 | 101 | 3.2 | 3.1 | |
| Tetrahydrofuran | 0.5 | 82 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 83 | 13 | 15 | 107 | 6.6 | 6.1 |
| 1 | 93 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 96 | 8.7 | 9.1 | 105 | 7.3 | 7.0 | |
| 2 | 93 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 86 | 10 | 12 | 89 | 7.1 | 8.0 | |
| Toluene | 0.5 | 94 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 91 | 8.8 | 10 | 104 | 3.2 | 3.1 |
| 1 | 103 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 101 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 103 | 2.7 | 2.7 | |
| 2 | 100 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 103 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 100 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| 1,1,1-Trichloroethane | 0.5 | 92 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 90 | 12 | 14 | 107 | 5.8 | 5.4 |
| 1 | 101 | 29 | 29 | 104 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 113 | 7.3 | 6.4 | |
| 2 | 99 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 107 | 11 | 10 | 110 | 4.7 | 4.3 | |
| Trichloroethylene | 0.5 | 99 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 93 | 10 | 11 | 108 | 4.1 | 3.8 |
| 1 | 101 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 104 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 106 | 4.0 | 3.8 | |
| 2 | 106 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 109 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 102 | 1.9 | 1.8 | |
| o-Xylene | 0.5 | 100 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 97 | 14 | 15 | 100 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| 1 | 104 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 97 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 99 | 5.3 | 5.3 | |
| 2 | 94 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 101 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 96 | 3.1 | 3.2 | |
| m-Xylene | 0.5 | 110 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 100 | 14 | 14 | 103 | 4.6 | 4.5 |
| 1 | 104 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 100 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 91 | 4.4 | 4.9 | |
| 2 | 97 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 103 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 98 | 3.0 | 3.1 | |
| p-Xylene | 0.5 | 103 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 99 | 14 | 14 | 101 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
| 1 | 105 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 99 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 71 | 3.3 | 4.6 | |
| 2 | 96 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 103 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 98 | 2.9 | 2.9 | |
aFactors by which the Industrial Safety and Health Law administrative levels were multiplied