Table 2.
Levels of social activity in the first year of life for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), ALL subgroups, and non-ALL malignancies
|
ALL
|
cALL
|
TEL-AML1
|
Hyperdiploid ALL
|
Non-ALL malignancies
|
ALL v non-ALL malignancy: odds ratio*(95% CI)
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activity level | Controls No (%) | No (%) | Odds ratio*(95% CI) | No (%) | Odds ratio*(95% CI) | No (%) | Odds ratio*(95% CI) | No (%) | Odds ratio*(95% CI) | No (%) | Odds ratio*(95% CI) | |
| Aged over 2 years | ||||||||||||
| Total No†
|
6238
|
1272
|
791
|
138
|
417
|
1825
|
|
|||||
| Any social activity | 5343 (85.7) | 1020 (80.2) | 0.66 (0.56 to 0.77) | 640 (80.9) | 0.67 (0.55 to 0.82) | 110 (79.7) | 0.59 (0.38 to 0.90) | 335 (80.3) | 0.64 (0.50 to 0.83) | 1496 (82.0) | 0.78 (0.68 to 0.90) | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.06) |
| No social activity | 895 (14.4) | 252 (19.8) | 1.00 | 151 (19.1) | 1.00 | 28 (20.3) | 1.00 | 82 (19.7) | 1.00 | 329 (18.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Social activity, but no day care | 2840 (45.5) | 587 (46.1) | 0.73 (0.62 to 0.87) | 358 (45.3) | 0.74 (0.60 to 0.91) | 60 (43.5) | 0.61 (0.38 to 0.97) | 199 (47.7) | 0.76 (0.58 to 1.00) | 880 (48.2) | 0.83 (0.71 to 0.96) | 0.91 (0.74 to 1.11) |
| Informal day care only | 1768 (28.3) | 325 (25.6) | 0.62 (0.51 to 0.75) | 218 (27.6) | 0.67 (0.53 to 0.84) | 38 (27.5) | 0.60 (0.36 to 1.00) | 105 (25.2) | 0.57 (0.42 to 0.78) | 435 (23.8) | 0.72 (0.61 to 0.85) | 0.90 (0.71 to 1.13) |
| Formal day care | 735 (11.8) | 108 (8.5) | 0.48 (0.37 to 0.62) | 64 (8.1) | 0.44 (0.32 to 0.60) | 12 (8.7) | 0.47 (0.24 to 0.94) | 31 (7.4) | 0.38 (0.24 to 0.59) | 181 (9.9) | 0.73 (0.59 to 0.90) | 0.69 (0.51 to 0.93) |
| P for trend‡ | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.04 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.04 | ||||||
| Aged 2-5 years | ||||||||||||
| Total No†
|
2475
|
671
|
471
|
81
|
248
|
546
|
|
|||||
| Any social activity | 2156 (87.1) | 545 (81.2) | 0.63 (0.50 to 0.79) | 387 (82.2) | 0.67 (0.51 to 0.88) | 68 (84.0) | 0.73 (0.39 to 1.35) | 198 (79.8) | 0.57 (0.40 to 0.80) | 447 (81.9) | 0.66 (0.51 to 0.85) | 0.98 (0.73 to 1.31) |
| No social activity | 319 (12.9) | 126 (18.8) | 1.00 | 84 (17.8) | 1.00 | 13 (16.0) | 1.00 | 50 (20.2) | 1.00 | 99 (18.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Social activity, but no day care | 1023 (41.3) | 294 (43.8) | 0.70 (0.54 to 0.89) | 195 (41.4) | 0.69 (0.52 to 0.93) | 35 (43.2) | 0.74 (0.38 to 1.43) | 115 (46.4) | 0.69 (0.48 to 0.99) | 234 (42.9) | 0.70 (0.53 to 0.91) | 1.03 (0.75 to 1.42) |
| Informal day care only | 778 (31.4) | 182 (27.1) | 0.59 (0.45 to 0.77) | 142 (30.1) | 0.71 (0.52 to 0.96) | 25 (30.9) | 0.76 (0.38 to 1.53) | 63 (25.4) | 0.51 (0.34 to 0.76) | 139 (25.5) | 0.59 (0.44 to 0.79) | 1.01 (0.71 to 1.43) |
| Formal day care | 355 (14.3) | 69 (10.3) | 0.49 (0.35 to 0.68) | 50 (10.6) | 0.52 (0.35 to 0.77) | 8 (9.9) | 0.62 (0.25 to 1.53) | 20 (8.1) | 0.33 (0.19 to 0.58) | 74 (13.6) | 0.68 (0.48 to 0.96) | 0.73 (0.48 to 1.13) |
| P for trend‡ | <0.001 | 0.004 | 0.4 | <0.001 | 0.01 | 0.2 | ||||||
cALL=B cell precursor common ALL; TEL-AML1=ALL with fusion of the TEL and AML1 genes.
*
Odds ratio for cases compared with all controls, or with non-ALL malignancies where stated, adjusted for age at diagnosis/pseudodiagnosis, sex, region, matemal age, mother working at time of birth, and deprivation.
†
Excluding missing values.
‡
Trend test across categories none through to formal day care.