Table 1.
Articles on Internet Gaming Disorder Prevalence
| Year | Prevalence | S ample size | Country | % Male in sample | Mean Age or Range (S D) | Measure | Reference and sample details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 0.7%* | N=18932 | USA, UK, Canada, Germany | 48.3% | 18–65 (n.r.) | Brief indicators checklist | 1: Przybylski AK, et al. 2016 Online Online recruitment using general marketing services Google Surveys and YouGov using joint distributions of age, gender, geographic location |
| 2016 | 5.9% | N=2024 | Korea | 50.6% | 14.5 (0.5) | DSM-5–9 criteria | 2: Yu H, Cho J. 2016 School Grade 8–9 Nationwide survey in 3 or more randomly-selected schools from all 15 regions (7 major metropolitan cities, 8 regional provinces) |
| 2016 | 9.2%* | N=1806 | Lithuania | 50.2% | 15.8 (0.9) | YDQ | 3: Ustinavi ien R, et al. 2016 School Grade 9–11 Nationally representative sample, randomly selected 20 of 56 schools in Kaunas County |
| 2016 | 2.5% | N=1071 | Slovenia | 50.2% | 13.4 (0.6) | IGDS9-SF | 4: Pontes HM, et al. 2016 School Grade 8 Random probability sample stratified by population density and the 12 statistical regions of Slovenia |
| 2016 | 5.2% | N=3967 | Germany | 54.5% | 15.5 (1.6) | AICA-S | 5: Dreier M, et al. 2016 School Grade 9–12 41 randomly selected secondary schools from state of Rhineland-Palatinate |
| 2016 | 2.3% | N=5983 | Switzerland | 100% | 20.3 (1.3) | GAS | 6: Khazaal Y, et al. 2016 Military C-SURF (Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors), from 3 of 6 national army recruitment centers |
| 2016 | 9.1% | N=293 | Finland | 51% | 18.7 (3.4) | GAS | 7: Männikkö N, et al. 2015 Geographic Randomly selected from Finland National Registry, stratified and balanced for age (13–24) and gender |
| 2015 | 3.6% | N=8807 | Europe (Estonia, Germany, Italy, Romania, Spain) | 44.5% | 15 (1.3) | YDQ | 8: Strittmatter E, et al. 2015 School WE-STAY (Working in Europe to Stop Truancy Among Youth) project: 132 Randomly selected secondary schools from several countries |
| 2015 | 1.2% | N=11003 | Germany | 51.1% | 14.9 (0.7) | DSM-5 IGD criteria CSAS 18-item |
9: Rehbein F, et al. 2015 School Grade 9 Random selection from each tier of lower, middle, and higher levels of academic achievement in state of Lower Saxony |
| 2015 | 5.5% | N=5003 | Japan | n.r. | 20–89 (n.r.) | Yes/no self-report | 10: Shiue I. 2015 Geographic JGSS (Japanese General Social Survey): National survey, two-stage stratified random sampling by household interview |
| 2015 | 1.6% | N=12938 | Europe (Germany, Greece, Iceland, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain) | 47.1% | 14–17 (n.r.) | AICA-S | 11: Müller KW, et al. 2015 School Grade 10 Random probability sample with stratification based on region and population density |
| 2014 | 5.3% | N=1020 | Iran | 50% | n.r. (n.r.) | DSM4, in-person interview | 12: Ahmadi J, et al. 2014 School Grade 9–11 Random selection by area and cluster sampling from high schools in Shiraz |
| 2014 | 15.6% | N=503 | Hong Kong | 49.5% | 14.6 (1.4) | GAS Chinese | 13: Wang CW, et al. 2014 School Grade 8–11 Two randomly selected schools from Central District and Kowloon East districts |
| 2014 | 3.4%* | N=24103 | China | 53.3 | 12.8 (1.8) | YDQ | 14: Li Y, et al. 2014 School Grades 4–9 NCSC (National Children’s Study of China): 100 counties stratified sampling from all 31 provinces |
| 2013 | 5.1%* | N=1287 | Australia | 49.6% | 14.8 (1.5) | PTU scale | 15. King DL, et al. 2013 School Random selection of 50 secondary schools in outer metropolitan region of Adelaide |
| 2013 | 4.6% | N=2804 | Hungary | 51% | 16.4 (0.9) | POGQ-SF | 16: Pápay O, et al. 2013 School Grade 8–10 ESPAD (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs): internationally homogenous stratified sampling based on region, grade, class type |
| 2013 | 3.9%* | N=5122 | China | 49.6% | 15.9 (n.r.) | DRM 52 scale | 17: Xu J, et al. 2012 School Grade 7–11 Stratified cluster random sampling of 16 schools from 19 administrative districts of Shanghai |
| 2012 | 2.6%* | N=11956 | Europe (Austria, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden) | 43.7% | 14.9 (n.r.) | YDQ | 18: Durkee T, et al. 2012 School SEYLE (Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe): 178 randomly selected schools within 11 study sites |
| 2011 | 1.4% | N=866 | Greece | 46.7% | 14.7 (n.r.) | IAT | 19: Kormas G, et al. 2011 School Grade 9–10 Random cluster sample of 20 schools, stratified by locality and population density in Athens |
| 2011 | 7.6%L | N=3034 | Singapore | 72.7% male (T1) | n.r. (n.r.) | 10-item scale | 20: Gentile DA, et al. 2011 School Grade 3–8 12 schools widely distributed across East, West, South, North regions in Singapore |
| 2011 | 1.6% L | N=1572 (T1), 1476 (T2) | Netherlands | 49% (T1), 52% (T2) | 14.4 (1.2) (T1), 14.3 (1.0) (T2) | CIUS | 21: Van Rooij AJ, et al. 2011 School Dutch “Monitor Study Internet and Youth”: stratified sample of 12 schools based on region, urbanization, and education level |
| 2011 | 4% L | N=1024 (T1), 941 (T2) | Netherlands | 51% | 13.9 (1.4) T1, 14.3 (1.4) T2 | 7-item scale | 22: Lemmens JS, et al. 2011 School 4 schools in urban and suburban districts in the Netherlands |
| 2010 | 4.9% | N=4028 | USA | 45.8% | 14–18 (n.r.) | 3-item scale | 23: Desai RA, et al. 2010 School 10 high schools self-selected and targeted to all representative geographic regions of the state of Connecticut |
| 2010 | 0.9%* | N=3405 | Norway | 51.1% | n.r. (n.r.) | 4-item scale | 24: Wenzel HG, et al. 2009 Geographic National population database random sample stratified by gender, age, and country |
| 2009 | 8.5%* | N=1178 | USA | 49.9% | n.r. (n.r.) | 11-item scale | 25: Gentile D. 2009 Online Stratified random sample recruited through password-protected mail invitations from Harris Polls; found to be regionally and ethnically nationally representative |
| 2007 | 8.1%L | N=517 | Taiwan | 51.6% | 13.6 (0.9) | CIAS | 26: Ko CH, et al. 2007 School Grade 7–8 Randomly selected by cluster sampling from 3 schools in southern Taiwan |
| 2007 | 3.5%* | N=627 | Korea | 77.8% | 15.9 (0.9) | Korean IAT 40-items | 27: Lee M S, et al. 2007 School One high school and two middle schools in southeast Seoul |
*
Small calculations (averaging, simple arithmetic) were used to arrive at a percentage value.
L
For longitudinal studies, the most recent percentage was used to reflect the value closest to publication year.
n.r. = not reported