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. 2017 Aug 30;11:63. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2017.00063

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Copyright © 2017 Buckemüller, Siehler, Göbel, Zeumer, Ölschläger and Eisenhardt.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Reduced survival following octopamine-treatment of hungry honeybees. (A) Schematic overview of the experiment. Bees were fed to satiation with 30% (w/v) sucrose solution (0.88 M) 18 h before injection of octopamine (OA), epinastine (EPI), or PBS. Their survival was observed every 6 h. (B) Survival of bees injected with PBS (rhomb, black), OA (square, dark gray), or EPI (triangle, light gray). (C) Bees injected with OA had a significant lower survival score than bees injected with PBS or EPI. ^∗p < 0.05. Number of bees appears in brackets.