Figure 5. Nrf2/Ho-1 signaling is essential for the TMZ-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in vitro.

(A) As measured by ELISA, the concentration of TNFα and IL1β in supernatants was found to be significantly reduced by TMZ. (B) Real-time PCR analysis showed that TMZ decreased TNFα and IL1β mRNA in the TMZ group. (C,D) TMZ significantly induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased the protein expression of Ho-1 in BV2 cells under OGD/R conditions. (E,F) SnPP significantly but incompletely reversed the TMZ-mediated inhibition on TNFα and IL1β production as measured by ELISA and real-time PCR. (G) SnPP treatment significantly decreased the inhibitory effect of TMZ on caspase-8 activation. The data represent the means ± S.D. (n=8); **P<0.01.