Table 1.
Demographic data of enrolled patients
| Non‐treatment group (NTG) (n = 149) | Cancer treatment group (TG) (n = 468) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 75 ± 9 | 66 ± 10 | <0.001† |
| 31–65 | 19 (13%) | 202 (43%) | <0.001‡ |
| 66–75 | 47 (31%) | 195 (42%) | |
| 76–94 | 83 (56%) | 71 (15%) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 100 (67%) | 316 (68%) | 0.926‡ |
| Female | 49 (33%) | 152 (32%) | |
| Smoking (pack year) | |||
| <10 | 90 (60%) | 283 (60%) | 0.988‡ |
| ≥10 | 59 (40%) | 185 (40%) | |
| Alcohol | |||
| Non‐drinker | 97 (65%) | 287 (61%) | 0.408‡ |
| Drinker | 52 (35%) | 181 (39%) | |
| Occupation | |||
| Unemployed | 135 (91%) | 344 (74%) | <0.001‡ |
| Employed | 14 (9%) | 124 (26%) | |
| Religion | |||
| Absent | 88 (59%) | 264 (56%) | 0.569‡ |
| Present | 61 (41%) | 204 (44%) | |
| Relationship status | |||
| None | 44 (31%) | 83 (18%) | 0.002‡ |
| In a relationship | 98 (69%) | 374 (82%) | |
| Offspring | |||
| 0 | 6 (4%) | 33 (7%) | 0.003‡ |
| 1–2 | 53 (36%) | 227 (49%) | |
| >3 | 90 (60%) | 208 (44%) | |
| Education | |||
| Less than high school | 108 (72%) | 241 (52%) | <0.001‡ |
| More than high school | 41 (28%) | 227 (48%) | |
| History of surgery | |||
| Absent | 98 (66%) | 269 (58%) | 0.073‡ |
| Present | 51 (34%) | 199 (42%) | |
| Personal history of cancer | |||
| Absent | 135 (91%) | 408 (87%) | 0.262‡ |
| Present | 14 (9%) | 60 (13%) | |
| Cancer family | |||
| Absent | 145 (97%) | 441 (94%) | 0.194§ |
| Present | 4 (3%) | 27 (6%) | |
| BMI | |||
| 18.5–25 | 87 (58%) | 320 (68%) | <0.001‡ |
| >25 | 27 (18%) | 113 (24%) | |
| <18.5 | 35 (24%) | 35 (8%) | |
| Pathology | |||
| Small cell carcinoma | 22 (18%) | 65 (14%) | 0.270‡ |
| Non‐small cell carcinoma | 101 (82%) | 402 (86%) | |
| Chest symptoms | |||
| Absent | 41 (28%) | 177 (38%) | 0.022‡ |
| Present | 108 (72%) | 291 (62%) | |
| Systemic symptoms | |||
| Absent | 64 (43%) | 309 (66%) | <0.001‡ |
| Present | 85 (57%) | 158 (34%) | |
| CCI, age adjusted | 7.3 ± 3.7 | 5.1 ± 3.9 | < 0.001† |
| ECOG | |||
| 0 | 16 (11%) | 189 (40%) | <0.001‡ |
| 1 | 46 (31%) | 185 (40%) | |
| 2 | 33 (22%) | 49 (10%) | |
| 3–4 | 54 (36%) | 45 (10%) | |
| TNM | |||
| Stage 1 | 9 (6%) | 92 (20%) | <0.001‡ |
| Stage 2 | 6 (4%) | 35 (8%) | |
| Stage 3 | 23 (15%) | 86 (18%) | |
| Stage 4 | 111 (75%) | 255 (54%) | |
†
Student's t‐test;
‡
Pearson's χ2 test;
§
Fisher's exact test.
Chest symptoms: chest pain, hemoptysis, dyspnea, cough or sputum. Systemic symptoms: weight loss or fever.
BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; TNM, tumor node metastasis.