Table 2.
Stroke risk factors and stroke type in LVH patients
| Variables | Total (n=297) |
Ischaemic Stroke with ECG LVH (n=181) |
Haemorrhagic Stroke with ECG LVH (n=116) |
Test statistic | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | |||||
| Baseline age | 57.2 (13.0) | 59.9 (13.2) | 53.0 (11.5) | 4.637 | <0.001 |
| Age group (%) | |||||
| 18–45 yrs | 63 (21.2) | 27 (14.9) | 36 (31.0) | ||
| 46–65 yrs | 157 (52.9) | 92 (50.8) | 65 (56.0) | ||
| > 65 yrs | 77 (25.9) | 62 (34.3) | 15 (12.9) | 21.418 | <0.001 |
| Sex(%) | |||||
| Male | 147 (49.5) | 84 (46.4) | 63 (54.3) | 1.766 | 0.184 |
| Female | 150 (50.5) | 97 (53.6) | 53 (45.7) | ||
| Blood Pressure | |||||
| Mean Systolic Blood Pressure mmHg |
167.3 (32.4) |
160.7 (30.7) |
177.3 (32.5) |
4.276 |
<0.001 |
| Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure mmHg |
100.1 (19.5) |
95.4 (17.4) |
107.3 (20.5) |
5.138 |
<0.001 |
| Heart rate beats/min | 92.2 (30.1) | 89.6 (27.3) | 96.0 (33.4) | 1.657 | 0.099 |
| Systolic BP >140mmHg (%) | 209 (76.0) | 117 (70.5) | 92 (84.4) | 6.991 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP > 90 mmHg (%) | 185 (67.3) | 98 (59.0) | 87 (79.8) | 12.905 | <0.001 |
| Other Risk factors (%) | |||||
| BMI > 30 | 29 (21.6) | 20 (22.5) | 9 (20.0) | 0.108 | 0.743 |
| Increased Waist to Height ratio | 208 (92.4) | 125 (94.0) | 83 (90.2) | 1.105 | 0.293 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 115 (38.7) | 81 (44.8) | 34 (29.3) | 7.104 | 0.008 |
| Current use of alcohol | 55 (19.0) | 31 (17.8) | 24 (20.9) | 0.419 | 0.517 |
| Heavy alcohol drinking | 3 (1.1) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.9) | 0.06 | 0.807 |
| Currently smoking | 7 (2.4) | 4 (2.3) | 3 (2.7) | 0.034 | 0.855 |
| Dyslipidemia | 218 (73.4) | 136 (75.1) | 82 (70.7) | 0.717 | 0.397 |
| No Physical exercise | 62 (20.9) | 32 (17.7) | 30 (25.9) | 2.866 | 0.09 |
| Cardiac disease | 46 (15.5) | 34 (18.8) | 12 (10.3) | 3.847 | 0.05 |
| Family history of stroke | 38 (12.8) | 24 (13.3) | 14 (12.1) | 0.09 | 0.764 |
| Family history of CVD | 111 (37.4) | 66 (36.5) | 45 (38.8) | 0.164 | 0.686 |
| Eating green leafy vegetables: never | 94 (33.6) | 50 (29.2) | 44 (40.4) | 3.696 | 0.055 |
| Meat: regularly | 246 (86.6) | 154 (88.5) | 92 (83.6) | 1.379 | 0.24 |
| Salt on food after cooking | 32 (11.2) | 19 (11.0) | 13 (11.6) | 0.027 | 0.87 |
| Various LVH criteria | |||||
| Solokow Lyon Criteria | 205 (38.9) | 111 (31.8) | 94 (52.8) | 21.88 | <0.001 |
| Cornell voltage criteria | 166 (31.9) | 102 (29.7) | 64 (36.2) | 2.215 | 0.137 |
| Cornell product criteria | 122 (23.9) | 81 (24.1) | 41 (23.6) | 0.019 | 0.891 |
| Any three criteria above | 297 (55.8) | 181 (51.4) | 116 (64.4) | 8.192 | 0.004 |