Table 6.
Periodontitis and arterial stiffness.
| Study population | Findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| 80 volunteers and 33 pairs of periodontitis patients, matched by age and gender | An association between arterial stiffness and periodontitis was suggested by a lower degree of uniformity in the transmission of the pulse wave through the carotid arteries | Sanz-Miralles et al. (136) |
| 57 periodontitis patients and 48 healthy controls | PWV was measured and followed up 6 months after periodontal therapy. PWV was significantly higher in periodontitis patients compared to the reference group even after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors. Periodontal treatment did not lower significantly PWV | Houcken et al. (134) |
| 92 patients with periodontitis and 66 matched healthy controls | Significantly higher PWV, aortic augmentation index, and central blood pressure and lower pulse pressure amplification values were found in subjects with severe or aggressive periodontitis | Jockel-Schneider et al. (132) |
| 273 indigenous Australian adults | Arterial stiffness significantly increased with increasing extent of periodontal pocketing | Kapellas et al. (131) |
| 532 gingivitis and 282 periodontitis cases (Asian Indians) | PWV and arterial stiffness index were elevated in periodontitis compared to gingivitis cases and in those with diabetes and hypertension | Shanker et al. (130) |
| 1,053 Japanese subjects with 10 teeth or more | A linear, dose-dependent relationship was found between periodontal pocket depth and arterial stiffness | Hayashida et al. (129) |
| 26 patients with refractory hypertension and generalized chronic periodontitis | Periodontal therapy significantly reduced the level of CRP, IL-6, fibrinogen, blood pressure, left ventricular mass and arterial stiffness, lowering cardiovascular risk | Vidal et al. (135) |
| 16 periodontally healthy, 87 gingivitis, and 18 periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus | Periodontal inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with increased intima-media thickness and blood pressure, but not with greater arterial stiffness | Franek et al. (117) |
PWV, pulse wave velocity; CRP, C-reactive proteins; IL-6, interleukin-6.