Table 1.

Demographic, lifestyle, and work-related characteristics among healthy workers and among workers with musculoskeletal disease (MSD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), mental disorders (MD), and respiratory disease (RD)

	Healthy workers n = 2858 (34.2%)	Workers with MSD n = 3271 (39.1%)	Workers with CVD n = 1066 (12.7%)	Workers with MD n = 661 (7.9%)	Workers with RD n = 969 (11.6%)
	%	%	%	%	%
Demographics
Female gender	81.2	83.2	74.8	80.8	81.0
Age, <30 years	20.1	12.2	3.5	14.1	19.0
Age, 30–39 years	23.3	16.4	7.6	20.0	20.4
Age, 40–49 years	27.9	28.3	25.2	27.6	26.8
Age, ≥50 years	28.7	43.1	63.7	38.3	33.7
Education, low	10.1	13.6	17.6	12.3	10.4
Education, intermediate	45.9	55.9	49.4	56.1	54.5
Education, high	43.9	30.5	32.9	31.3	35.1
Lifestyle-related factors
Heavy smoking	2.7	3.7	3.1	8.1	3.8
>10 glasses alcohol/wk	8.6	9.0	9.6	9.0	9.3
<30 min/day PA	30.3	33.2	32.6	36.0	36.3
BMI, normal weight	65.1	51.1	38.0	53.6	49.6
BMI, overweight	28.1	35.1	40.4	31.3	34.3
BMI, obese	6.9	13.8	21.6	15.8	16.1
Physical work-related factors
Lifting heavy loads	7.8	12.2	9.3	13.3	11.2
Awkward posture	12.0	22.4	20.1	23.4	21.4
Static posture	22.6	29.7	30.1	29.0	27.7
Psychosocial work-related factors
Higher work demands	21.6	28.7	30.4	41.6	27.8
Lower job control	25.3	29.7	29.2	38.0	31.7
Lower rewards	26.9	35.0	37.9	47.2	36.1
Work-related outcomes
Low work ability	17.8	38.7	38.5	62.5	34.6
Sick leave 0 days	56.1	38.7	40.8	23.6	34.9
Sick leave 1–9 days	37.1	38.5	37.2	38.0	44.1
Sick leave 10–24 days	4.1	9.5	9.1	11.8	9.8
Sick leave 25–365 days	0.6	13.3	12.9	26.6	11.2