Table 2.

Associations between unfavourable lifestyle-related and work-related factors and low work ability score among healthy workers (n = 2858) and workers with MSD (n = 3271), CVD (n = 1066), MD (n = 661), and RD (n = 969)

	Low work ability
	Healthy workers n = 509 (18%)	Workers with MSD n = 1267 (39%)	Workers with CVD n = 410 (38%)	Workers with MD n = 413 (62%)	Workers with RD n = 335 (35%)
	OR (95%CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Lifestyle-related factors
Heavy smoking	1.15 (0.65–2.04)	1.02 (0.70–1.49)	1.26 (0.63–2.55)	0.92 (0.52–1.65)	2.32 (1.20–4.48)*
>10 glasses alcohol/wk	1.23 (0.87–1.74)	1.28 (0.99–1.65)	1.00 (0.64–1.54)	1.18 (0.66–2.11)	1.52 (0.96– 2.41)
<30 min/day PA	1.49 (1.22–1.82)*	1.44 (0.98–1.33)	1.10 (0.84–1.44)	1.00 (0.71–1.39)	1.20 (0.91–1.58)
BMI overweight	0.97 (0.77–1.20)	0.88 (0.75–1.03)	0.94 (0.71–1.25)	0.81 (0.56–1.16)	1.03 (0.76–1.39)
BMI obese	0.95 (0.64–1.39)	1.13 (0.91–1.40)	1.00 (0.71–1.39)	0.82 (0.52–1.30)	1.59 (1.09–2.32)*
Physical work-related factors
Lifting heavy loads	1.13 (0.80–1.61)	1.38 (1.11–1.71)*	1.52 (1.00–2.32)*	0.90 (0.55–1.42)	1.52 (1.01–2.29)*
Awkward posture	1.72 (1.32–2.25)*	1.92 (1.62–2.27)*	2.72 (1.98–3.73)*	1.06 (0.72–1.56)	1.79 (1.30–2.47)*
Static posture	1.24 (0.99–1.55)	1.19 (1.02–1.39)*	1.39 (1.06–1.82)*	0.94 (0.66–1.33)	1.48 (1.10–1.99)*
Psychosocial work-related factors
Higher work demands	2.88 (2.33–3.54)*	2.13 (1.82–2.50)*	2.54 (1.93–3.33)*	1.64 (1.18–2.27)*	2.50 (1.86–3.36)*
Lower job control	1.73 (1.40–2.13)*	1.62 (1.39–1.89)*	1.76 (1.33–2.32)*	1.40 (1.00–1.96)*	1.78 (1.33–2.37)*
Lower rewards	2.32 (1.90–2.84)*	2.13 (1.84–2.48)*	2.29 (1.76–2.97)*	1.82 (1.31–2.51)*	1.84 (1.39–2.42)*

Adjusted for gender, age, and educational level

OR odds ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, *p < 0.05