Table 4.
Results of the Quantile Regressions of Health Care Expenditures by Services
| Doctor Visit Cost | ED Visit Cost | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef. | 95% CI | Coef. | 95% CI | |
| 10th percentile | ||||
| Interaction term | ||||
| Age 19–25* post‐ACA | −0.09 | (−0.26, 0.07) | 0.88 | (0.43, 1.32)*** |
| Age | ||||
| Age 27–29 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age 19–25 | 0.05 | (−0.07, 0.18) | −0.22 | (−0.57, 0.12) |
| Year | ||||
| Pre‐ACA (year 2008–2009) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Post‐ACA (year 2011–2012) | 0.01 | (−0.14, 0.16) | −0.60 | (−0.98, −0.22)*** |
| 25th percentile | ||||
| Interaction term | ||||
| Age 19–25* post‐ACA | 0.03 | (−0.15, 0.21) | 0.25 | (−0.17, 0.67) |
| Age | ||||
| Age 27–29 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age 19–25 | 0.00 | (−0.14, 0.14) | 0.04 | (−0.20, 0.27) |
| Year | ||||
| Pre‐ACA (year 2008–2009) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Post‐ACA (year 2011–2012) | −0.04 | (−0.20, 0.11) | −0.26 | (−0.60, 0.07) |
| 50th percentile | ||||
| Interaction term | ||||
| Age 19–25* post‐ACA | −0.06 | (−0.24, 0.12) | −0.04 | (−0.33, 0.26) |
| Age | ||||
| Age 27–29 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age 19–25 | −0.01 | (−0.15, 0.13) | 0.05 | (−0.18, 0.28) |
| Year | ||||
| Pre‐ACA (year 2008–2009) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Post‐ACA (year 2011–2012) | −0.03 | (−0.18, 0.11) | −0.07 | (−0.31, 0.17) |
| 75th percentile | ||||
| Interaction term | ||||
| Age 19–25* post‐ACA | 0.00 | (−0.20, 0.20) | −0.14 | (−0.46, 0.17) |
| Age | ||||
| Age 27–29 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age 19–25 | −0.11 | (−0.25, 0.04) | 0.13 | (−0.04, 0.30) |
| Year | ||||
| Pre‐ACA (year 2008–2009) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Post‐ACA (year 2011–2012) | −0.07 | (−0.24, 0.09) | 0.10 | (−0.18, 0.37) |
| 90th percentile | ||||
| Interaction term | ||||
| Age 19–25* post‐ACA | −0.13 | (−0.36, 0.09) | −0.23 | (−0.51, 0.05) |
| Age | ||||
| Age 27–29 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age 19–25 | −0.09 | (−0.23, 0.05) | 0.11 | (−0.10, 0.32) |
| Year | ||||
| Pre‐ACA (year 2008–2009) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Post‐ACA (year 2011–2012) | −0.04 | (−0.24, 0.16) | 0.31 | (0.10, 0.53)*** |
| 95th percentile | ||||
| Interaction term | ||||
| Age 19–25* post‐ACA | −0.28 | (−0.58, 0.02) | −0.30 | (−0.69, 0.08) |
| Age | ||||
| Age 27–29 | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age 19–25 | −0.09 | (−0.25, 0.07) | 0.13 | (−0.06, 0.33) |
| Year | ||||
| Pre‐ACA (year 2008–2009) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Post‐ACA (year 2011–2012) | 0.16 | (−0.12, 0.43) | 0.33 | (−0.01, 0.67) |
***p < .001; **p < .01; *p < .05. Regressions presented above control for predisposition factors (i.e., race/ethnicity, gender, marital status, and interview language) enabling factors (i.e., education, family income, urban/rural, and U.S. Census Region), and clinical need factors (i.e., self‐reported physical, mental health, presence of major chronic disease). Full sets of results are presented in Appendix SA5.