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. 2017 Sep 4;7:10394. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10740-0

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Collagen-specific molecular chaperone HSP47/SERPINH1 has originated in lampreys, dating ~500 million years ago (MYA) and ray-finned fishes has 1–4 copies of this chaperone. (A) Characteristics of different HSP47/SERPINH1 as depicted with the Neighbor-Joining tree. Except for HSP47/SERPINH1 set I from selected ray-finned fishes (marked red). All HSP47/SERPINH1 genes have 4exon-3intron gene structures with variable syntenic organization and sequence identities. All HSP47/SERPINH1 proteins possess non-inhibitory RCL and ER-retention signals with some variations. (B) Homology model of ancestral HSP47/SERPINH1 from Japanese lamprey, illustrating non-inhibitory RCL and ER-retention signal as the HDEL motif. (C) Timescales for the Evolutionary history of HSP47/SERPINH1 depicts origin of HSP47 duplications (pink shade), dated between 416–360 MYA and intron insertion events for HSP47_1 (blue shade), dated between 231–190 MYA. Number of HSP47 is shown in bracket.