Table 2.
Comparison between the poor cooperation and good cooperation group
| Variable | Poor cooperation group (n = 358) | Good cooperation group (n = 4,064) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agea, yr | 43.40 ± 9.87 | 45.35 ± 10.48 | < 0.001b |
| < 40 | 141 (39.4) | 1,220 (30.0) | < 0.001b |
| Female sex | 183 (51.1) | 1,741 (42.8) | 0.003b |
| Body mass indexa, kg/m2 | 24.17 ± 3.37 | 23.52 ± 3.25 | 0.001b |
| ≥ 25 | 130 (36.6) | 1,209 (29.9) | 0.010b |
| Smoking | 0.049b | ||
| Non-smoker | 188 (57.7) | 1,943 (53.1) | |
| Past smoker | 64 (19.6) | 940 (25.7) | |
| Current smoker | 74 (22.7) | 774 (21.2) | |
| Alcohol | 0.306 | ||
| Non-drinker | 78 (22.5) | 779 (20.1) | |
| Social drinker | 260 (75.1) | 2,964 (76.4) | |
| Heavy drinker | 8 (2.3) | 137 (3.5) | |
| Medication | |||
| Antidepressant | 0 | 22 (0.5) | 0.252 |
| NSAID | 21 (5.9) | 205 (5.0) | 0.530 |
| K-BDI level ≥ 10 | 19 (5.4) | 154 (3.9) | 0.200 |
| BEPSI-K level ≥ 2.4 | 62 (19.4) | 710 (19.7) | 0.946 |
| First-time endoscopy | 27 (8.1) | 341 (9.0) | 0.618 |
| Procedural sedation | 316 (88.3) | 2,848 (70.1) | < 0.001b |
| Midazolam side effect | |||
| Hypotension | 0 | 1 | |
| Hypoxia | 15 | 128 | |
| Use of flumazenil | 10 | 1 | |
| Digestive diseases | |||
| Functional dyspepsia | 47 (13.9) | 595 (15.5) | 0.434 |
| Nodular gastritis | 3 (0.8) | 44 (1.1) | 1.000 |
| Chronic Atrophic gastritis | 215 (60.1) | 2,350 (57.8) | 0.434 |
| Metaplastic gastritis | 23 (6.4) | 240 (5.9) | 0.726 |
| Reflux esophagitis | 22 (6.1) | 209 (5.1) | 0.456 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 5 (1.4) | 88 (2.2) | 0.353 |
| Postoperative stomach | 1 (0.3) | 15 (0.4) | 1.000 |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma | 0 | 4 | 1.000 |
| Gastric adenoma | 0 | 6 | 1.000 |
| Hiatal hernia | 19 (5.3) | 118 (2.9) | 0.017b |
| Complications | 3 (0.8) | 12 (0.3) | 0.116 |
| Persisting throat pain | 2 | 8 | |
| GI bleeding | 0 | 0 | |
| Bowel perforation | 0 | 0 | |
| Abdominal pain | 1 | 2 | |
| Nausea/Vomiting | 0 | 2 | |
| Incomplete study | 36 (10.1) | 8 (0.2) | < 0.001b |
| Due to poor cooperation | 36 | 0 | |
| Due to food materials | 0 | 8 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD or number (%).
NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; K-BDI, Korean version of the Beck’s Depression Inventory; BEPSI-K, The Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument-Korean version.
a
Continuous variables were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. All other data were analyzed by the chi-square test.
b
The significant results.