FIG 4.

T regulatory cell frequencies as a percentage of total MNCs in the blood, spleen, ileum, and duodenum of deficient and sufficient HIFM/HRV pigs with or without tryptophan supplementation at PID14, determined by flow cytometry. (A) CD4⁺ CD25⁺ FoxP3⁺ T cells (scale, 0 to 50%). (B) CD8⁺ CD25⁺ FoxP3⁺ T cells (scale, 0 to 12%). Results are ±standard errors of the means (SEM). Asterisks show significant (*, P < 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.005) increases in tryptophan-supplemented compared to unsupplemented pigs (two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's multiple-comparison test).