. 2017 Aug 31;83(18):e01168-17. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01168-17

TABLE 1.

Clinical and environmental prevalence of emergent Northeast U.S. V. parahaemolyticus lineages with associated virulence features

Sequence type^a	No. of isolates				Hemolysin genotype	VPaI type^d
	Northeast United States^b		MLST database^c
	Clinical	Environmental	Clinical	Environmental
3	2	0	217	33	tdh⁺	α
36	91	1	58	5	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
631	24	0	12	0	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
	1^e	2	0	0	trh⁺	β
	0	1	0	0	Neither	Absent
43	5	0	17	4	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
636	4	0	2	0	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
1127	4	0	0	0	trh⁺	β
110	3	0	0	1	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
34/324	2	2	4	19	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
674	0	4	1	20	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
	1	0	0	0	Neither	Absent
308	2	0	0	2	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
12	2	0	0	4	trh⁺	β
162	2	0	1	1	Neither	Absent
194	2	0	1	0	Neither	Absent
809	2	0	0	1	trh⁺	β
1716	2	0	0	0	trh⁺	β
1123	1	1	0	0	trh⁺	β
8	1	0	13	5	trh⁺	β
23	1	0	0	3	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
749	1	0	1	0	tdh⁺ trh⁺	γ
1295	1	0	0	1	Neither	Absent
134	1	0	1	0	Neither	Absent
741	1	0	0	1	Neither	Absent
98	1	0	0	1	trh⁺	β
1205	1	0	0	1	Neither	Absent
1561	1	0	0	0	Neither	Absent
1717	1	0	0	0	Neither	Absent
1725	1	0	0	0	tdh⁺	α

Some clinical isolates had insufficient sequencing coverage to determine sequence type and included 8 tdh⁺ trh⁺ isolates, 1 tdh⁺ isolate, 4 trh⁺ isolates, and 11 isolates without hemolysins, some of which were from wound infections. Two wound infection isolates lacking hemolysins were of known sequence types and are not listed above.

Data generated from all available gastric infection clinical and environmental isolates from four reporting Northeast U.S. states, including ME, NH, MA, and CT, between 2010 and 2016.

Source: http://pubmlst.org/vparahaemolyticus, 2017 (36, 58).

The presence of the VPaIγ architecture was determined by PacBio genome sequencing of isolate MAVP-Q and MAVP-26, whereas for other isolates identification of VPaI type was determined through Illumina genome sequencing, PCR amplification, and Sanger sequencing.

This single isolate harbors a recA allele (allele 21) typical of ST631 with an inserted allele (allele 107) previously described (33).