Table 1.
Feedback (haptic and visual) during reaching and matching movement in the five force conditions.
| Criterion movement | Matching movement | Removal/Reset movement | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haptic feedback | Visual feedback | Haptic feedback | Visual feedback | Haptic feedback | Visual feedback | |
| HR Resistive elastic force | ✓ Constant opposing torque |
✓ | ✓ Constant opposing torque |
✓ Constant opposing torque |
✓ | |
| LR Resistive elastic force | ✓ Constant opposing torque |
✓ | ✓ Constant opposing torque |
✓ Constant opposing torque |
✓ | |
| V Resistive viscous force | ✓ Speed-dependent opposing torque |
✓ | ✓ Speed-dependent opposing torque |
✓ Speed-dependent opposing torque |
✓ | |
| P Passive elastic force | ✓ Elastic assistive torque |
✓ Elastic assistive torque |
||||
| NF no force | ✓ | ✓ | ||||