a, Diagram of regions analyzed. b, In the positive compared to the neutral memory group, c-Fos expression is significantly increased in the lateral septum, NAcc shell, BLA, dorsomedial, ventromedial, and lateral hypothalamus, but not in the mPFC, NAcc core, habenula, or ventral hippocampus. Trends were observed in the CeA and VTA. Each brain region was analyzed using an unpaired Student’s t test, n = 5 per group, 3–5 slices per animal; #P= 0.17 for CeA and P=0.09 for VTA; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, n.s. not significant. Data are means +/− SEM.