Table 2.
Classification according to glycohemoglobin levels
| Men | Women | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Borderline | DM | Normal | Borderline | DM | |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 7.2 ± 1.3 | 5.5 ± 0.2 | 6.1 ± 0.1 | 7.3 ± 1.2 |
| n | 2,110 | 262 | 413 | 3,005 | 387 | 379 |
| Age (years) | 67.6 ± 6.7 | 68.4 ± 7.2 | 68.2 ± 6.4 | 68.0 ± 7.6 | 69.0 ± 7.4 | 70.1 ± 7.6 |
| Spine BMD (g/cm2)* | 0.981 ± 0.180 | 1.014 ± 0.183 | 1.038 ± 0.182** | 0.803 ± 0.126 | 0.808 ± 0.154 | 0.824 ± 0.152** |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 23.1 ± 2.8 | 23.4 ± 3.0 | 23.9 ± 2.9 | 22.5 ± 3.2 | 23.6 ± 3.2 | 23.7 ± 3.5 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 54.5 ± 9.5 | 53.5 ± 9.0 | 55.1 ± 10.1 | 51.9 ± 8.5 | 51.2 ± 8.2 | 51.3 ± 10.1 |
| Albumin (g/dL)* | 4.43 ± 0.25 | 4.44 ± 0.19 | 4.46 ± 0.21 | 4.47 ± 0.20 | 4.50 ± 0.18 | 4.51 ± 0.24 |
| CRP (mg/L)* | 0.66 (0.47–1.45) | 0.78 (0.55–1.55) | 0.89 (0.38–2.29) | 0.62 (0.42–1.65) | 0.77 (0.55–1.54) | 0.90 (0.37–2.19) |
| Previous fracture (%) | 30.9 | 23.9 | 32.0 | 25.9 | 21.0 | 25.1 |
| Incident fracture (%) | 6.6 | 4.6 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 5.7 | 6.8 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise indicated. *P < 0.05 for trend for glycemic control in both men and women. **P < 0.05 vs normal by using one‐way analysis of variance with Bonferroni's method. BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C‐reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.