Tab. II.
Hospital SOPS adapted for Italian territorial Prevention facilities: response frequency and percentage of "positive" responses by survey item and composite, with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
| Composite and survey item (N = 479 respondents) | Number of total responses | % "Positive" response1 | 95%CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Teamwork Within Units 2 | 1905 | 59.0 | 56.7-61.2 |
| A1. People support one another in this Unit. | 477 | 70.4 | 66.4-74.5 |
| A3. When a lot of work needs to be done quickly, we work together as a team to get the work done. | 477 | 56.6 | 52.2-61.1 |
| A4. In this Unit people treat each other with respect. | 477 | 56.2 | 51.7-60.6 |
| A11. When one area in this Unit gets really busy others help out. | 474 | 52.5 | 48.0-57.0 |
| 2. Supervisor/Head3 Expectations & Actions Promoting Patient/User Safety 4 | 1425 | 58.6 | 56.0-61.2 |
| B1. My supervisor/manager says a good word when he/she sees a job done according to established patient/user 3 safety procedures. | 476 | 52.1 | 48.6-56.6 |
| B2. My supervisor/manager seriously considers staff suggestions for improving patient/user safety. | 474 | 55.5 | 51.0-60.0 |
| B4. My supervisor/manager overlooks patient/user safety problems that happen over and over. | 475 | 68.2 | 64.0-72.4 |
| 3. Organizational Learning – Continuous Improvement | 1429 | 50.9 | 48.3-53.5 |
| A6. We are actively doing things to improve patient/user safety. | 478 | 55.2 | 50.8-59.7 |
| A9. Mistakes have led to positive changes here. | 476 | 51.9 | 47.4-56.4 |
| A13. After we make changes to improve patient/user safety, we evaluate their effectiveness. | 475 | 45.5 | 41.0-50.0 |
| 4. Management Support for Patient/User Safety | 1421 | 43.8 | 41.3-46.4 |
| F1. Department management provides a work climate that promotes patient/user safety. | 478 | 48.5 | 44.1-53.0 |
| F8. The actions of Department management show that patient/user safety is a top priority. | 472 | 42.4 | 37.9-46.8 |
| F9r. Department management seems interested in patient/user safety only after an adverse event happens. | 471 | 40.6 | 36.1-45.0 |
| 5. Feedback & Communication About Error | 1417 | 42.8 | 40.3-45.4 |
| C1. We are given feedback about changes put into place based on event reports. | 471 | 34.4 | 30.1-38.7 |
| C3. We are informed about errors that happen in this Unit. | 474 | 41.4 | 36.9-45.8 |
| C5. In this Unit we discuss ways to prevent errors from happening again. | 472 | 52.8 | 48.3-57.3 |
| 6. Communication Openness | 1419 | 64.8 | 62.4-67.3 |
| C2. Staff will freely speak up if they see something that may negatively affect patient/user assistance. | 473 | 70.8 | 66.7-74.9 |
| C4. Staff feel free to question the decisions or actions of those with more authority. | 473 | 58.8 | 54.3-63.2 |
| C6r. Staff are afraid to ask questions when something does not seem right. | 473 | 64.9 | 60.60-69.21 |
| 7. Frequency of Events Reported | 1412 | 48.4 | 45.8-51.1 |
| D1. When a mistake is made, but is caught and corrected before affecting the patient/user, how often is this reported? | 471 | 54.4 | 49.9-58.9 |
| D2. When a mistake is made, but has no potential to harm the patient/user, how often is this reported? | 471 | 42.3 | 37.8-46.7 |
| D3. When a mistake is made that could harm the patient/users, but does not, how often is this reported? | 470 | 48.7 | 44.2-53.2 |
| 8. Teamwork Across Units | 1896 | 36.7 | 34.5-38.9 |
| F4. There is good cooperation among Department Units that need to work together. | 474 | 36.5 | 32.2-40.8 |
| F10. Department Units work well together to provide the best assistance for patients. | 472 | 39.4 | 35.0-43.8 |
| F2r. Department Units do not coordinate well with each other. | 478 | 25.9 | 22.0-29.9 |
| F6r. It is often unpleasant to work with staff from other Department Units. | 472 | 45.1 | 40.6-49.6 |
| 9. Handoffs & Transitions | 1881 | 35.8 | 33.7-38.0 |
| F3r. Things "fall between the cracks" when transferring patients/users from one Unit to another. | 470 | 34.0 | 29.8-38.3 |
| F5r. Important patient/user assistance information is often lost during handovers for absence due to training/vacation. | 468 | 42.7 | 38.3-47.2 |
| F7r. Problems often occur in the exchange of information across Department Units. | 470 | 23.2 | 19.4-27.0 |
| F11r. Handovers for absence due to training/vacation are problematic for patients/users in this Department. | 473 | 43.3 | 38.9-47.8 |
| 10. Non punitive Response to Errors | 1430 | 39.5 | 37.0-42.0 |
| A8r. Staff feel like their mistakes are held against them. | 478 | 42.3 | 37.8-46.7 |
| A12r. When an event is reported, it feels like the person is being written up, not the problem. | 477 | 38.0 | 33.6-42.3 |
| A16r. Staff worry that mistakes they make are kept in their personnel file. | 475 | 38.3 | 34.0-42.7 |
1
According to the scale used for each item, "positive" response means "Agree"/"Strongly Agree" or "Most of the time"/"Always". For negatively worded (r) questions, "positive" response means "Strongly Disagree"/"Disagree" or "Never"/"Rarely".
2
Composites are highlighted in Bold.
3
Our changes to the original version of the Hospital SOPS, necessary to make it compatible with the activity of the staff working in the study facilities, are highlighted in Italic.
4
The item "B3r. Whenever pressure builds up, my supervisor/manager wants us to work faster, even if it means taking shortcuts" was excluded during the psychometric validation process.