Figure 6. In vivo effects of CUR on HNSCC growth.
Female nude mice were subcutaneously injected into one side of ventral flanks with HEp-2 cells. The tumor volumes were measured every day from day 14 after transplantation (A–B) and weight (C) of tumors at day 35 posttransplantation are shown. (D) No significant difference of body weights was observed between different groups. (E–H) Tumors were removed from CUR-treated or control untreated mice, followed by immunofluorescence analysis with antibodies against cleaved-caspase-3 and Ki-67. (I) Examination of the xenografted tumor sections showed that CUR increased the number of p-ATM positive cells. (J–L) Furthermore, a significant increase in cell cycle protein Chk1 and Cdc25c was also noted in tumor sections from CUR-treated mice relative to control mice. GAPDH was used as an internal loading control. The data are expressed as mean ± SD, and significant differences from the control are indicated by **P < 0.01 (scale bars, 100 μm).