Table 1. Comparisons between paraquat patients with and without AKI (n = 222).
| AKI (n = 103) | Non-AKI (n = 119) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 41.8 ± 15.9 | 42.3 ± 15.1 | 0.825 |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 86 (83.9%) | 86 (72.0%) | 0.056 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 72 (70.1%) | 48 (40.0%) | < 0.001*** |
| ARDS, n (%) | 33 (32.2%) | 29 (24.0%) | 0.253 |
| Acute lung injury, n (%) | 64 (62.1%) | 48 (40.0%) | 0.479 |
| Pneumomediastinum, n (%) | 8 (7.8%) | 0 | 0.002** |
| Time to hospital arrival (hours) | 17.7 ± 24.5 | 9.9 ± 17.1 | 0.003** |
| Estimated ingestion amount (mL) | 80.8 ± 77.3 | 81.0 ± 124.1 | 0.987 |
| Blood paraquat concentration (ppm) | 4.6 ± 4.6 | 4.9 ± 6.4 | 0.731 |
| Peak ALT concentration (U/L) | 190.9 ± 161.3 | 176.5 ± 69.5 | 0.442 |
| Peak AST concentration (U/L) | 122.4 ± 82.8 | 132.9 ± 247.8 | 0.909 |
| Peak bilirubin concentration (mg/dL) | 3.31 ± 2.1 | 3.0 ± 1.2 | 0.279 |
| Nadir PaO2 (mmHg) | 56.0 ± 26.0 | 65.9 ± 23.0 | 0.006** |
| Nadir AaDO2(mmHg) | 56.1 ± 27.9 | 38.4 ± 26.2 | < 0.001*** |
| SOFA48h | 4.7 ± 2.1 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | < 0.001*** |
| SIPP score (hours/mg/L) | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 0.016* |
| PaCO2 at admission (mmHg) | 31.0 ± 10.5 | 34.2 ± 8.1 | 0.031* |
| PaO2 at admission (mmHg) | 88.5 ± 20.4 | 81.8 ± 17.1 | 0.015* |
| Nadir PaCO2(mmHg) | 30.1 ± 9.0 | 36.8 ± 14.0 | < 0.001*** |
| Nadir HCO3 (mmHg) | 18.3 ± 7.3 | 21.3 ± 6.0 | 0.004** |
Note: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, AKI acute kidney injury, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, AaDO2 alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, HCO3 bicarbonate, PaO2 partial pressure of arterial oxygen, PaCO2partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, SIPP severity index of paraquat poisoning