Table 1. Summary of the 7 eligible studies evaluating the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors versus chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Author,study name(year)	Phase	Setting	Histology	PD-L1 cut-off	Treatment	No. ofpatients	HR for PFS(95% CI)	HR for OS(95% CI)
Brahmer et al.,CheckMate-017 (2015)	3	2nd-line	Squamous	Any	Nivolumab 3 mg/kg q 2 weeks vs.docetaxel	272	0.62 (0.47-0.81)	0.59 (0.44-0.79)
Borghaei et al.,CheckMate-057 (2015)	3	2nd-line	Non-squamous	Any	Nivolumab 3 mg/kg q 2 weeks vs.docetaxel	582	0.92 (0.77-1.11)	0.73 (0.59-0.89)
Herbst et al.,KEYNOTE-010 (2016)	2/3	≥ 2nd-line	Squamous	≥1%	Pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg q 3 weeksvs. pembrolizumab10 mg/kgq 3 weeks vs. docetaxel	222	0.86 (0.62-1.20)	0.74 (0.50-1.09)
			Non-squamous	≥1%	Pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg q 3 weeksvs. pembrolizumab 10 mg/kgq 3 weeks vs. docetaxel	708	0.86 (0.71-1.03)	0.63 (0.50-0.79)
Fehrenbacher et al.,POPLAR (2016)	2	2nd or3rd-line	Squamous	Any	Atezolizumab 1200 mg q 3 weeksvs. docetaxel	97	NA	0.80 (0.49-1.30)
			Non-squamous	Any	Atezolizumab 1200 mg q 3 weeksvs. docetaxel	190	NA	0.69 (0.47-1.01)
Reck et al.,KEYNOTE-024 (2016)	3	1st-line	Squamous	≥50%	Pembrolizumab 200 mg q 3 weeksvs. platinum-based chemotherapy	56	0.35 (0.17-0.71)	NA
			Non-squamous	≥50%	Pembrolizumab 200 mg q 3 weeksvs. platinum-based chemotherapy	249	0.55 (0.39-0.76)	NA
Socinski et al.,CheckMate-026 (2016)	3	1st-line	Squamous	≥1%	Nivolumab 3 mg/kg q 2 weeks vs.chemotherapy	129	0.83 (0.54-1.26)	0.82 (0.54-1.24)
			Non-squamous	≥1%	Nivolumab 3 mg/kg q 2 weeks vs.chemotherapy	412	1.29 (1.02-1.63)	1.17 (0.91-1.52)
Barlesi et al.,OAK (2016)	3	2nd or3rd line	Squamous	Any	Atezolizumab 1200 mg q 3 weeksvs. docetaxel	222	NA	0.73 (0.54-0.98)
			Non-squamous	Any	Atezolizumab 1200 mg q 3 weeksvs. docetaxel	628	NA	0.73 (0.60-0.89)

Abbreviations: PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; HR, hazard ratio; PFS, progression-free survival; OS, overall survival; CI, confidence interval; NA, not available.