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. 2017 Aug 14;2017:9648496. doi: 10.1155/2017/9648496

Table 3.

Polysaccharides from edible and medicinal mushrooms for fatigue mitigation.

Family Species Polysaccharide composition Mechanism for anti-fatigue Ref.
Ganodermataceae Ganoderma lucidum β-D-Glucan Stimulates macrophages activity;
Promotes antioxidant enzyme activity.
[55, 69]

Agaricaceae Agaricus bisporus β-1,3-Glucan Improves natural killer cell activities. [59]

Pleurotaceae Pleurotus ostreatus β-Glucan Modulates changes in natural killer cell activities. [70]

Meripilaceae Meripilus giganteus Glucan, Mw of 1.48 × 105 Da Strong free radical scavenging activity. [71]

Entolomataceae Entoloma lividoalbum β-Glucan Stimulates macrophage, splenocyte, and thymocyte;
Strong free radical scavenging activity.
[72]

Cordycipitaceae Cordyceps sinensis CSP-1 with glucose, mannose, and galactose in the ratio of 1 : 0.6 : 0.75;
EPS-glycopeptide complex with EPS comprising glucose and mannose in the ratio of 3.2 : 1.0 and glycopeptide having Mw of 6.0 kDa
Hypoglycemic effect;
Inhibits lactic acid production and increase liver and muscle glycogen storage;
Regulates body hormone.
[32, 61, 65, 81]

Tremellaceae Tremella fuciformis α-(1→3)-linked D-mannan as backbone chain and small xylose- and glucuronic acid-containing side chains Improves muscular function;
Promotes antioxidant enzyme activity and strong free radical scavenging activity;
Promotes liver protein synthesis.
[48, 50, 64, 73]

Marasmiaceae Lentinus edodes Mannose, glucose, and galactose Strong free radical scavenging activity;
Promotes antioxidant enzyme activity.
[49, 74]

Physalacriaceae Armillaria ostoyae Glucan and branched galactoglucan with glucose and galactose at the molar ratio of 6 : 1 Antioxidant activity. [75]

Physalacriaceae Flammulina velutipes Three heteropolysaccharides with glucose, galactose, mannose, and xylose at different molar ratios and Mw of 9,930, 62,290, and 36,310 Da Antioxidant activity. [76]

Polyporaceae Lentinus fusipes Heteroglycan with D-galactose and D-glucose in the molar ratio of approximately 1 : 1 and Mw of 60 kDa Stimulates splenocyte and macrophage activity;
DPPH radical scavenging activity.
[77]

Polyporaceae Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharide-phenolic/protein conjugates with polysaccharide comprising mannose, galactose, and glucose in the ratio of 1 : 1.28 : 4.91 and Mw of 1,013 kDa Antioxidant activity;
Improves immunomodulation.
[78, 79]

Pleurotaceae Pleurotus abalones Polysaccharide-
peptide complex with polysaccharide comprising glucose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, and galactose in the molar ratio of 22.4 : 1 : 1.7 : 1.6 and peptide having N-terminal amino acid sequence
Antioxidant activity.
[80]