. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Sep 5.

Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2016 May 27;202:163–170. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.057

Table 4.

Adjusted hazard ratios of the effect of depression on all-cause-mortality among older adults. Cox regression models.

Characteristics	Total sample			Prevalent AD sample			Incident AD sample
	Model 1^a	Model 2^b	Model 3^c	Model 1^a	Model 2^b	Model 3^c	Model 1^a	Model 2^b	Model 3^c

	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)
DSM-V depression (Ref. No)	1.47^** (1.11, 1.95)	1.47^* (1.07, 2.03)	1.50^* (1.06, 2.14)	0.70 (0.36, 1.36)	0.72 (0.28, 1.86)	0.66(0.25, 1.79)	1.52(0.79, 2.91)	2.03(0.98, 4.24)	1.91(0.88, 4.13)

Abbreviations: AD = Alzheimer’s Disease; CI=Confidence Interval; HR= Hazard Ratio.

Note: Definition of “DSM-V depression” was based on questions that follow DSM-V criteria for the presence of a major depressive episode.

Model 1 adjusted for age, gender, education and ethnicity.

Model 2 adjusted for age, gender, education, ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption and APOE4 (only in the AD samples).

Model 3 adjusted for age, gender, education, ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, APOE4 (only in the AD samples), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, heart disease and, prevalent AD and an interaction term between depression and prevalent AD (only in the total sample).

p< 0.05.

^**

p < 0.01.