Fig. S1.

Schematic of the experimental setup. SCID/Bg mice were made diabetic using streptozotocin 7 d before s.c. implantation. Two days before the implantation, Wistar rat islets were isolated and were either embedded in modules (with other cells) or left as free islets. The islet modules (750 IEQ) were then cultured for 1 d before s.c. injection. Blood glucose monitoring was performed daily, and at day 14 an IPGTT was administered. At day 21, implants in animals that had returned to normoglycemia were removed without killing the animal, and animals were followed for an additional 3 d to confirm that the implant was responsible for returning the diabetic mouse to normoglycemia. Explants were analyzed at days 7, 14, and 21/24 using histology, CLARITY, and flow cytometry.