Overexpression of Tmem18 within the PVN. (A) Change in Tmem18 gene expression within the PVN of mice 7 wk after bilateral injection of an adeno-associated vector (AAV-T18) (n = 10–11). Change in body weight of mice, measured weekly for 6 wk after bilateral PVN injections with either an AAV-T18 cDNA or AAV-GFP (n = 15 each group), expressed as grams (B) and as percentage of starting body weight (C). (D) Average 24-h energy intake of mice, measured in their home cage, 2 wk after surgery (n = 15 each group). (E) Average 24-h energy intake of mice, in the indirect calorimetry cage, 6 wk after surgery (n = 13 each group). (F) ANCOVA analysis of total EE, assessed over a 24-h period 6 wk after injection, with covariates evaluated at body weight = 29.41 g (n = 13 each group). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. GFP-injected mice.