Table 2.
Yields and sEH inhibitory potency of extracts of 27 anti-inflammatory TCMs
| TCMs (voucher specimen number) |
Source materials with full scientific name |
Yields (%) | Inhibition of hsEH at 25 µg/ml (%)* |
IC50 against hsEH (µg/mL) |
Major traditional use relating to anti- inflammation |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| MeOH Extract |
EtOH Extract |
MeOH Extract |
EtOH Extract |
MeOH Extract |
EtOH Extract |
|||
| Herba Sarcandra (SY-CNCM-2015-SG-01) | Aerial parts of Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai | 3.9 | 0.8 | 27.5 | 57.3 | -# | - | Anti-stress, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, detoxifying and blood activating (Yu, 1982a) |
| Radix Paeoniae alba (SY-CNCM-2015-CO-02) | Rhizomes of Cynanchum otophyllum | 9.5 | 0.7 | 38.4 | 48.0 | - | - | Analgesia (Yu, 1977a) |
| Radix Glycyrrhizae (SY-CNCM-2015-GU-01) | Rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. | 14.8 | 3.5 | 47.6 | 95.3 | - | 5.6 | Analgesia (Chen and Chen, 2004) |
| Radix Bupleuri (SY-CNCM-2015-BC-01) | Rhizomes of Bupleurum chinense DC. | 5.6 | 3.0 | 36.0 | 79.0 | - | 12.7 | Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesia (Yu, 1979d) |
| Herba Asari (SY-CNCM-2015-AS-01) | Aerial parts of Asarum sieboldii Miq | 7.0 | 2.5 | 85.3 | 114.6 | 6.9 | 4.6 | Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic (Yu, 1988a) |
| Rhizoma Cimicifugae (SY-CNCM-2015-CF-01) | Rhizomes of Cimicifuga foetida L | 20.0 | 3.1 | 30.0 | 59.8 | - | - | Relieving swelling and pain (Yu, 1979a) |
| Radix Polygalae (SY-CNCM-2015-PT-01) | Root of Polygala tenuifolia | 22.9 | 5.2 | 44.3 | 110.1 | - | 11.6 | Treating pain, cough and bronchitis (Wu, 1997a) |
| Fructus Amomi (SY-CNCM-2015-AV-01) | Fruits of Amomum villosum Lour. Var.xanthioides (Wwall.ex Bak.)T.L.Wu et Senjen | 1.4 | 1.6 | 54.9 | 103.1 | - | 6.2 | Treating diarrhea and vomiting (Yu, 1981) |
| Fructus Forsythiae (SY-CNCM-2015-FS-01) | Fruits of Forsythia suspensa | 6.6 | 10.2 | 76.8 | 55.5 | 30.0 | - | Antipyretic, anti-hypertension (Yu, 1992) |
| Radix Notoginseng (SY-CNCM-2015-PN-01) | Root of Panax notoginseng (Bulk.) F. H. Chen | 50.7 | 5.5 | 19.2 | 35.6 | - | - | Relieving swelling and pain (Yu, 1978) |
| Radix Platycodonis (SY-CNCM-2015-PG-01) | Root of Platycodon grandiflorus | 15.6 | 1.2 | 26.4 | 33.0 | - | - | Anti-inflammation, treating cough (Yu, 1983) |
| Radix Pseudostellariae (SY-CNCM-2015-PH-01) | Root of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.)Pax ex Pax et Hoffm | 1.7 | 0.2 | 51.2 | 22.5 | - | - | Tonifying Qi, nourishing blood and saliva (Wu, 1996c) |
| Radix Astragali (SY-CNCM-2015-AM-01) | Root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge. | 10.1 | 2.8 | 19.6 | 104.0 | - | 13.0 | Antihypertension, anti-oxidant (Wu, 1993) |
| Radix Scrophulariae (SY-CNCM-2015-SN-01) | Root of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl | 28.8 | 1.3 | 29.2 | 15.4 | - | - | Relieving swelling and detoxicating (Yu, 1979b) |
| Semen Cassiae (SY-CNCM-2015-SO-01) | Seeds of Senna obtusifolia | 7.2 | 4.3 | 35.8 | 18.1 | - | - | Live detoxicating and vision improving (Yu, 1988b) |
| Radix Isatidis (SY-CNCM-2015-BC-01) | Roots of Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek | 1.9 | 1.0 | 25.9 | 23.0 | - | - | antipyretic, detoxicating, analgesic (Yu, 1987) |
| Salvia prionits (SY-CNCM-2015-SP-01) | Entire plant of Salvia Prionitis Hance | 4.0 | 2.8 | 68.9 | 86.4 | 10.2 | 9.6 | Treating cold and Abdominal pain (Yu, 1977c) |
| Flos lonicerae (SY-CNCM-2015-LJ-01) | Flowers of Lonicera japonica | 21.1 | 3.7 | 60.8 | 85.8 | - | 13.2 | Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, detoxicating, analgesic (Yu, 1988c) |
| Herba Houttuyniae (SY-CNCM-2015-HC-01) | Aerial parts of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. | 4.5 | 2.3 | 72.8 | 90.4 | 13.1 | 6.9 | Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic (Yu, 1982b) |
| Fructus Aurantii (SY-CNCM-2015-CA-01) | Fruits of Citrus aurantium L. or C. sinensis Osbeck | 14.1 | 3.3 | 5.0 | 57.4 | - | - | Relieving arthritic pain (Wu, 1997b) |
| Radix Scutellariae (SY-CNCM-2015-SB-01) | Roots of Scutellaria baicalensis | 7.6 | 4.5 | 46.9 | 109.0 | - | 7.6 | Anti-inflammatory (Yu, 1977b) |
| Herba Taraxaci (SY-CNCM-2015-TM-01) | Entire plants of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand | 6.1 | 3.4 | 41.9 | 94.2 | - | 4.1 | Antipyretic, relieving swelling (Wu, 1999a) |
| Rhodiola dumulosa (SY-CNCM-2015-RD-01) | Rhizomes of Rhodiola dumulosa (Franch.) S. H. Fu | 19.0 | 18.0 | 54.6 | 36.0 | - | - | Relieving swelling (Yu, 1984) |
| Fructus Gardeniae (SY-CNCM-2015-GJ-01) | Fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis | 8.7 | 10.5 | 45.6 | 28.8 | - | - | Antipyretic (Wu, 1999b) |
| Rhizoma Coptidis (SY-CNCM-2015-CC-01) | Rhizomes of Coptis chinensis Franch | 15.7 | 2.4 | 60.9 | 127.4 | - | 4.7 | Treating acute conjunctivitis (Yu, 1979c) |
| Radix Stephaniae Tetrandra (SY-CNCM-2015-ST-01) | Roots of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore | 3.0 | 0.2 | 28.0 | 20.6 | - | - | Treating arthritis and hypertension (Wu, 1996b) |
| Fructus Schisandrae (SY-CNCM-2015-SC-01) | The dried mature fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. or S. sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils | 9.9 | 25.9 | 15.2 | 63.8 | - | - | Treating cough (Wu, 1996a) |
Note:
*
sEH inhibitory potency was determined at the final concentration of 25 ug/mL.
#
The crude extracts yielding more than 70% inhibition of hsEH at the final concentration of 25 µg/mL were subject to IC50 measurement. “-”indicates that the IC50 was not determined.
$
Peer reviewed scientific papers reported the anti-inflammatory effect of target TCMs.