Table 3.
Multivariable-Adjusted Frequencies of Utilization, by APC Versus Physician Status and Office-Versus Hospital-Based Clinics*
| Variable | Physicians | APCs | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample/weighted population, n/N | |||
|
| |||
| Office-based | 12 170/586 million | 473/25.8 million | |
|
| |||
| Hospital-based | 13 359/54.2 million | 2947/14.6 million | |
| Antibiotics | |||
|
| |||
| Office-based | 49.2 | 49.4 | 0.96 |
|
| |||
| Hospital-based | 52.0 | 52.3 | 0.92 |
| CT/MRI | |||
|
| |||
| Office-based | 5.7 | 2.8 | 0.086 |
|
| |||
| Hospital-based | 7.3 | 6.4 | 0.48 |
| Radiography | |||
|
| |||
| Office-based | 9.8 | 8.7 | 0.65 |
|
| |||
| Hospital-based | 12.2 | 11.8 | 0.73 |
| Referral to other physician | |||
|
| |||
| Office-based | 7.4 | 8.1 | 0.64 |
|
| |||
| Hospital-based | 14.7 | 18.6 | 0.091 |
APC = advanced practice clinician; CT = computed tomography; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; NAMCS = National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey.
*
Values are percentages unless otherwise indicated. Models are adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance status, modified Charlson comorbidity count, symptom acuity, and whether the provider self-identified as the patient’s primary care provider. Office-based (NAMCS) models also adjusted for practice setting.