. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Periodontal Res. 2017 Apr 10;52(5):813–823. doi: 10.1111/jre.12458

Table 3.

Clinical Studies on the effects of ECIG use

Health Outcomes of ECIG	Publication	Sample Size (n)	ECIG Device/Battery Voltage	Nicotine Concentration/Flavors
No effect on lung function and similar effect on serum cotinine levels as tobacco smokers	Flouris et al 2013¹¹¹	30	Giant, Nobacco G.P., Greece/not stated	11 mg/ml/Nobacco USA Mix, Nobacco G.P., Greece
Negative effects on sinonasal symptoms and mucociliarly clearance	Kumral et al 2016¹¹⁶	98	Multiple/variable	11–12 mg/ml/variable flavors
Caused no changes in arterial stiffness	Szołtysek-Bołdys et al 2014¹¹³	15	Ego-3 ECIGs (Volish Ltd, Poland)/3.4V	24 mg/ml/not stated
Induces inhibition of cough reflex sensitivity	Dicpinigaitis et al 2016¹¹⁴	30	Blu; Lorrilard Techinologies/not stated	20–24 mg/ml/classic tobacco flavor
Increased blood flow in the buccal mucosa	Reuther et al 2016¹¹⁰	10	Not stated	0 or 16 mg/ml/not stated
Respiratory symptoms	Wang et al 2016¹¹²	45,128	Not stated	Not stated
Respiratory symptoms	Cho and Paik 2016¹¹⁵	35,904	Not stated	Not stated