Table 2.
Change of different immune mediators in response to Candida albicans in patients and controls.
| Mediator | Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 |
Controls |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Response to C. albicans | P value | Response to C. albicans | P value | |
| Interleukins | ||||
| IL-1A | ↑ | 0.001 | ↑ | 0.001 |
| IL-1B | ↑ | 0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| IL-2 | → | Ns (0.115) | ↑ | 0.001 |
| IL-3 | Nd | – | Nd | – |
| IL-4 | ↑ | <0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| IL-5 | Nd | – | Nd | – |
| IL-6 | ↑ | 0.014 | ↑ | 0.002 |
| IL-7 | ↑ | 0.001 | ↑ | 0.037 |
| IL-10 | ↑ | 0.008 | ↑ | 0.003 |
| IL-12p40 | ↑ | 0.020 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| IL-12p70 | Nd | – | Nd | – |
| IL-15 | Nd | – | Nd | – |
| IL-17A | → | Ns (0.115) | ↑ | <0.001 |
| IL-18 | ↑ | <0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| IL-22a | → | Ns (0.240) | ↑ | 0.002 |
| IL-23 | → | Ns (0.342) | ↑ | 0.035 |
| Growth factors | ||||
| BDNF | → | Ns (0.463) | → | Ns (0.203) |
| CSF2 | ↑ | 0.007 | ↑ | 0.002 |
| VEGFA | ↑ | 0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| Chemokines | ||||
| CCL2 | ↑ | 0.002 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| CCL3 | ↑ | 0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| CCL4 | ↑ | <0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| CCL5 | → | Ns (0.514) | → | Ns (0.072) |
| CCL11 | ↓ | 0.014 | ↓ | 0.004 |
| CXCL8 | ↑ | <0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| Immunomodulatory cytokines | ||||
| INFg | ↑ | 0.003 | ↑ | 0.014 |
| LTA | ↑ | <0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| TNF | ↑ | 0.002 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| Adhesion molecules | ||||
| ICAM1 | → | Ns (0.582) | → | Ns (0.377) |
| VCAM1 | → | Ns (0.401) | → | Ns (0.546) |
| Matrix metalloproteases | ||||
| MMP3 | → | Ns (0.740) | → | Ns (0.247) |
| MMP9 | ↑ | 0.003 | ↑ | 0.004 |
| Coagulation factors | ||||
| C3 | → | Ns (0.661) | ↑ | 0.030 |
| F7 | → | Ns (0.060) | → | Ns (0.101) |
| FGA | → | Ns (0.450) | ↑ | 0.011 |
| vWF | → | Ns (0.807) | → | Ns (0.464) |
| Serum proteins | ||||
| B2M | → | Ns (0.637) | ↑ | 0.024 |
| FTL | ↑ | 0.002 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| HP | → | Ns (0.562) | → | Ns (0.967) |
| Traditional markers | ||||
| CRP | → | 0.124 | → | 0.725 |
| Others | ||||
| GC | ↓ | 0.037 | → | Ns (0.974) |
| SERPINA1 | ↓ | 0.028 | → | Ns (0.683) |
| IL1RN | ↑ | <0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| KITL | ↑ | 0.002 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| TIMP1 | ↑ | 0.017 | ↑ | <0.001 |
| TNFRSF1B | ↑ | <0.001 | ↑ | <0.001 |
The table gives the mediators analyzed in the TrueCulture system and the response to C. albicans in both patients and healthy controls. T-test for paired data was used for statistical comparison. ↑ indicates a significant up-regulation, ↓ indicates a significant down-regulation, and → indicates no significant change in the mediator concentration. Mediators with a significant different response in patients and controls are marked bold.
Nd, not detectable; Ns, not significant.
aIL-22 was not included in the TrueCulture system but analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.