Table 1.
Occupational exposures previously found to demonstrate significantly increased RA risk in males.
| Author(s), Publication Year and Reference No. | Country, Period of Employment and Follow–up | Study Population | Exposure Type | Cases | Controls | Reported RA risk (95% CI) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Klokars et al 1987 [9] | Finland 1940–1981 | 1026, Cohort | Granite quarry and processing yard workers | 35 | 7.5 | Comparison with age matched Finnish population statistics for all workers | |
| Stolt et al 2010 [11] | Sweden 1996–2006 | 577 RA cases, 659 age, gender, location matched controls | Silica: stone dust, rock drilling, stone crushing | 54 | 69 | 1.39 (1.13–2.48) | ACPA+ RA. ACPA– and combined RA failed to reach significance |
| Stolt et al 2010 [11] | Sweden 1996–2006 | 577 RA cases, 659 age, gender, location matched controls | Silica: stone dust, rock drilling, stone crushing, current smokers | 21 | 13 | 7.36 (3.31–16.38) | ACPA+ RA, silica and smoking interaction |
| Calvert et al 2003 [12] | USA 1982-1995 | 4839231 death certificates from 27 states, silica exposed cases matched to non-silica | Silica | 15/1237 | 20/6185 | 3.75 (19.2-7.32 | Mortality odds ratio. OR 1.19 (1.12-1.25) following conditional logistic regression |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Miners and quarry workers | 175 | - | 1.7 (1.5–2.0) | Comparison with standardised incidence ratio (SIR) by occupation category in 1960 census |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Miners and quarry workers | 145 | - | 1.8 (1.6–2.2) | Comparison with SIR by occupation category in 1970 census |
| Turner and Cherry 2000 [41] | North Staffordshire, UK | 6353 male pottery workers, case–referent | Underground mining | 9/43 | 5/172 | 8.47 (2.59–27.66) | Referents matched on age, sex and pottery exposure |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Construction workers | 498 | - | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | Comparison with standardised incidence ratio (SIR) by occupation category in 1960 census |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Construction workers | 561 | - | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | Comparison with SIR by occupation category in 1970 census |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Construction workers | 210 | - | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | Comparison with SIR by occupation category in 1960 and 1970 census |
| Ilar et al 2016 [15] | Sweden, unreported | 3295 incident RA cases, 4912 controls | Bricklayers and concrete workers | Unreported | - | 2.6 (1.3–4.9) | Abstract only publication |
| Blanc et al 2015 [13] | Sweden, 1968–1993 | 240983 unionised construction workers enrolled in occupational health service 1968–1993 | Silica dust, ever smokers | 160/52419 | 273/108400 | 1.36 (1.11–1.68) | |
| Blanc et al 2015 [13] | Sweden, 1968–1993 | 240983 unionised construction workers enrolled in occupational health service 1968–1993 | Non–silica inorganic dust, ever smokers | 202/132583 | 273/108400 | 1.42 (1.17–1.73) | |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Electrical workers | 282 | - | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | Comparison with SIR by occupation category in 1960 and 1970 census |
| Ilar et al 2016 [15] | Sweden, unreported | 3295 incident RA cases, 4912 controls | Electrical workers | unreported | - | 2.1 (1.1–4.0) | ACPA– RA Abstract only publication |
| Olsson et al 2004 [16] | Sweden 1996-1998 | 74 incident male RA cases, 382 referents | Electricians, electromechanical workers, service personnel | 9/74 | 18/382 | 3.4 (1.2-9.4) | |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Smelters and metal foundry workers | 271 | - | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | Comparison with SIR by occupation category in 1970 census |
| Cappalletti et al 2016 [45] | Trentino, Italy 1979-2009 | 331 exposed workers, cohort | Electric arc furnace workers | 3/331 | 420/20332 | 6.18 (2.00-19.02) | Compared to incident cases in same town over same period |
| Olsson et al 2004 [16] | Sweden 1996-1998 | 74 incident male RA cases, 382 referents | conductors, freight, transport workers | 3/74 | 2/382 | 17.8 (1.5-207.8) |
|
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Engine and Motor operators | 383 | - | 1.2 (1.1-1.3) | Comparison with standardised incidence ratio (SIR) by occupation category in 1960 census |
| Svedrup et al 2005 [18] | Sweden 1996-2003 | 407 incident male RA cases, 486 controls | Mineral oil exposure | 93 | 132/486 | 1.6 (1.1-2.2) |
ACPA + RA, any mineral oil exposure. Specific cohort size not given for ACPA+RA |
| Olsson et al 2000 [47] | Sweden 1980-1995 | 102 RA cases, 248 referents | Asphalters | 3/102 | 1/248 | 14.0 (1.2-799.0) | |
| Li et al 2008 [14] | Sweden 1964–2004 | 13820 hospitalisations for RA, cohort | Farmers | 821 | - | 1.2 (1.1-1.2) | Comparison with SIR by occupation category in 1960 and 1970 census |
| Olsson et al 2004 [16] | Sweden 1996-1998 | 74 incident male RA cases, 382 referents | Farmers | 20/74 | 41/382 | 2.4 (1.1-5.2) | |
| Parks et al 2016 [20] | USA 1993-2010 | 23570 spouses of pesticide applicants, cohort | Farming: maneb/mancozeb perticides | 10/271 | 351/23570 | 3.3 (1.5-7.1) | |
| Parks et al 2016 [20] | USA 1993-2010 | 23570 spouses of pesticide applicants, cohort | Farming: chemical fertilisers | 23/132 | 2540/24018 | 1.7 (1.1-2.7) |