Table 1.
Regional cortical thickness difference between PD male and PD female
| Cluster no. | Brain sites | Max t-statistic | Size (mm2) | Tal X | Tal Y | Tal Z | Cortical thickness, mm (mean ± SD)
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PD male | PD female | Control male | Control female | ||||||||
| 1 | L | Postcentral | −6.0326 | 3307.86 | −37.6 | −30.6 | 65.4 | 1.65 ± 0.18 | 1.93 ± 0.19 | 1.68 ± 0.19 | 1.80 ± 0.17 |
| 2 | L | Inferior parietal | −5.7829 | 2373.56 | −46.3 | −55.6 | 24.1 | 2.03 ± 0.17 | 2.30 ± 0.22 | 2.09 ± 0.25 | 2.18 ± 0.22 |
| 3 | L | Superior frontal | −4.0131 | 1122.65 | −6.9 | 51.2 | 34.5 | 2.68 ± 0.22 | 2.93 ± 0.21 | 2.69 ± 0.14 | 2.84 ± 0.19 |
| 4 | L | Superior temporal | −3.9891 | 582.57 | −56.9 | −19 | 1.2 | 2.22 ± 0.30 | 2.52 ± 0.18 | 2.14 ± 0.17 | 2.40 ± 0.27 |
| 5 | L | Rostral middle frontal | −3.6413 | 309.39 | −35.9 | 32.3 | 29.3 | 2.09 ± 0.20 | 2.32 ± 0.21 | 2.25 ± 0.20 | 2.18 ± 0.22 |
| 6 | L | Superior parietal | −3.595 | 394.46 | −24.3 | −61.4 | 50.2 | 1.80 ± 0.18 | 2.00 ± 0.20 | 1.77 ± 0.23 | 1.93 ± 0.22 |
| 7 | L | Caudal middle frontal | −3.1883 | 241.95 | −30.5 | 13.1 | 45 | 2.17 ± 0.21 | 2.37 ± 0.16 | 2.21 ± 0.24 | 2.25 ± 0.21 |
| 8 | L | Superior frontal | −2.9724 | 229.16 | −10 | −6.9 | 61.6 | 2.32 ± 0.24 | 2.58 ± 0.33 | 2.33 ± 0.21 | 2.45 ± 0.27 |
| 9 | L | Precentral | −2.7983 | 144.12 | −22.2 | −22.6 | 68 | 1.97 ± 0.28 | 2.25 ± 0.33 | 1.95 ± 0.30 | 2.21 ± 0.29 |
| 10 | L | Superior frontal | −2.4729 | 40.6 | −20.4 | 4.5 | 52 | 2.14 ± 0.21 | 2.32 ± 0.21 | 2.22 ± 0.15 | 2.21 ± 0.20 |
| 11 | L | Supramarginal | −2.4448 | 22.48 | −42.4 | −26 | 22.5 | 2.27 ± 0.29 | 2.51 ± 0.27 | 2.30 ± 0.18 | 2.42 ± 0.26 |
| 12 | L | Superior parietal | −2.4134 | 78.28 | −18.1 | −80.8 | 39.7 | 1.87 ± 0.19 | 2.04 ± 0.26 | 1.92 ± 0.17 | 1.98 ± 0.21 |
| 13 | L | Precuneus | −2.4055 | 25.96 | −4.4 | −61.7 | 18.9 | 2.32 ± 0.22 | 2.51 ± 0.20 | 2.33 ± 0.25 | 2.34 ± 0.23 |
| 14 | L | Caudal middle frontal | −2.3645 | 24.97 | −40.1 | 9.7 | 48.2 | 2.22 ± 0.19 | 2.38 ± 0.21 | 2.25 ± 0.18 | 2.35 ± 0.18 |
| 15 | L | Fusiform | −2.3456 | 32.43 | −32.6 | −78.5 | −11.1 | 1.97 ± 0.17 | 2.11 ± 0.17 | 1.20 ± 0.18 | 2.04 ± 0.21 |
| 16 | L | Middle temporal | −2.3429 | 27.65 | −61.2 | −51.5 | 1.6 | 2.46 ± 0.23 | 2.65 ± 0.21 | 2.51 ± 0.19 | 2.57 ± 0.26 |
| 17 | L | Lingual | −2.321 | 36.63 | −17.3 | −69.9 | −10.2 | 1.81 ± 0.16 | 1.95 ± 0.18 | 1.80 ± 0.12 | 1.85 ± 0.21 |
| 1 | R | Fusiform | −7.2254 | 4027.7 | 38.5 | −66.5 | −15.3 | 2.19 ± 0.19 | 2.51 ± 0.20 | 2.27 ± 0.14 | 2.36 ± 0.19 |
| 2 | R | Caudal middle frontal | −4.8082 | 1618.82 | 29.7 | 8.8 | 48.9 | 2.19 ± 0.15 | 2.43 ± 0.25 | 2.25 ± 0.13 | 2.29 ± 0.21 |
| 3 | R | Postcentral | −4.5131 | 1814.9 | 39.1 | −29.9 | 64 | 1.65 ± 0.14 | 1.84 ± 0.19 | 1.71 ± 0.16 | 1.72 ± 0.17 |
| 4 | R | Inferior parietal | −4.1342 | 341.95 | 42.8 | −61.9 | 45.5 | 2.09 ± 0.17 | 2.30 ± 0.23 | 2.12 ± 0.27 | 2.27 ± 0.22 |
| 5 | R | Inferior parietal | −3.6082 | 633.4 | 49.9 | −50.4 | 8.7 | 2.28 ± 0.19 | 2.48 ± 0.20 | 2.28 ± 0.17 | 2.32 ± 0.21 |
| 6 | R | Postcentral | −3.5816 | 335.79 | 59.9 | −8.9 | 31.3 | 1.78 ± 0.20 | 1.99 ± 0.17 | 1.85 ± 0.17 | 1.90 ± 0.22 |
| 7 | R | Inferior parietal | −3.3508 | 451.44 | 42.9 | −78 | 21 | 2.24 ± 0.22 | 2.47 ± 0.24 | 2.25 ± 0.16 | 2.46 ± 0.23 |
| 8 | R | Supramarginal | −3.1256 | 120.92 | 56 | −37.2 | 32 | 2.16 ± 0.23 | 2.39 ± 0.25 | 2.23 ± 0.20 | 2.25 ± 0.18 |
| 9 | R | Superior parietal | −2.9378 | 392.02 | 29.7 | −43.8 | 54.6 | 1.76 ± 0.19 | 1.94 ± 0.20 | 1.77 ± 0.21 | 1.89 ± 0.17 |
| 10 | R | Superior temporal | −2.8605 | 302.2 | 65.3 | −20.5 | 4.2 | 2.52 ± 0.20 | 2.71 ± 0.19 | 2.54 ± 0.18 | 2.62 ± 0.22 |
| 11 | R | Supramarginal | −2.808 | 178.39 | 46 | −37.6 | 41.4 | 2.02 ± 0.18 | 2.22 ± 0.26 | 2.08 ± 0.29 | 2.15 ± 0.18 |
| 12 | R | Superior frontal | −2.6901 | 165 | 7.8 | 56.9 | 25.8 | 2.60 ± 0.23 | 2.81 ± 0.24 | 2.62 ± 0.16 | 2.70 ± 0.22 |
| 13 | R | Superior parietal | −2.5623 | 96.16 | 21.5 | −58.9 | 63.8 | 1.97 ± 0.24 | 2.17 ± 0.23 | 2.01 ± 0.25 | 2.09 ± 0.21 |
| 14 | R | Superior parietal | −2.5585 | 269.61 | 18.2 | −75.9 | 43.5 | 1.88 ± 0.17 | 2.03 ± 0.20 | 1.93 ± 0.19 | 1.20 ± 0.20 |
| 15 | R | Inferior temporal | −2.4346 | 119.6 | 53.7 | −28 | −20.9 | 2.56 ± 0.23 | 2.76 ± 0.26 | 2.53 ± 0.27 | 2.64 ± 0.26 |
| 16 | R | Rostral middle frontal | −2.3588 | 43.53 | 19.6 | 53.1 | 22.8 | 2.26 ± 0.17 | 2.41 ± 0.20 | 2.30 ± 0.15 | 2.42 ± 0.20 |
| 17 | R | Medial orbitofrontal | −2.3268 | 28.73 | 7.1 | 48.1 | −20.8 | 2.25 ± 0.26 | 2.47 ± 0.28 | 2.22 ± 0.21 | 2.33 ± 0.20 |
| 18 | R | Paracentral | −2.2724 | 16.75 | 13.2 | −25.6 | 47 | 2.04 ± 0.22 | 2.21 ± 0.19 | 2.13 ± 0.22 | 2.07 ± 0.15 |
| 19 | R | Inferior parietal | −2.2692 | 24.24 | 44.9 | −67 | 27.7 | 2.09 ± 0.18 | 2.29 ± 0.32 | 2.15 ± 0.25 | 2.26 ± 0.20 |
Each area consists of adjacent voxels showing a significant group difference; some brain structures have more than one area of change. The magnitude of the peak (t statistic) in each area and its Talairach coordinates (a standardized common brain space) are listed together with size (in normalized space) and the mean (SD) of cortical thickness at specific vertex for PD male and PD female. Cortical thickness of control male and female on same vertex is also shown
L left hemispheres, R right hemispheres