Table 3.
Home-based takeaway exposure by groups of educational attainment and equivalised income
| Euclidean buffers (no. of outlets) | Network buffers (no. of outlets) | Proximity to nearest (km) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 800 m | 1 km | 1 mile | 800 m | 1 km | 1 mile | Mean | |
| Educational attainment a (n = 10,276) | |||||||
| Low | 2.6 (2.4, 2.8) | 3.8 (3.6, 4.1) | 7.8 (7.4, 8.2) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | 1.9 (1.8, 2.13) | 4.7 (4.5, 5.0) | 1.55 (1.50, 1.60) |
| Medium | 2.5 (2.4, 2.6) | 3.6 (3.4, 3.7) | 7.0 (6.7, 7.3) | 1.24 (1.2, 1.3) | 1.9 (1.8, 2.0) | 4.3 (4.1, 4.5) | 1.64 (1.59, 1.69) |
| High | 4.3 (4.1, 4.5) | 6.1 (5.9, 6.4) | 12.2 (11.7, 12.6) | 2.2 (2.0, 2.3) | 3.2 (3.1, 3.4) | 7.0 (6.7, 7.3) | 1.45 (1.39, 1.51) |
| p (Highest to lowest) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.012 |
| % Differencec | 65 | 61 | 56 | 69 | 68 | 49 | -7 |
| Equivalised income b (n = 9617) | |||||||
| <£23,000 | 2.9 (2.7, 3.1) | 4.2 (4.0, 4.5) | 8.6 (8.2, 9.0) | 1.5 (1.4, 1.6) | 2.3 (2.1, 2.4) | 5.1 (4.8, 5.4) | 1.55 (1.48, 1.62) |
| £23,000–£42,999 | 3.0 (2.8, 3.1) | 4.3 (4.1, 4.5) | 8.3 (7.9, 8.6) | 1.5 (1.4, 1.6) | 2.3 (2.1, 2.4) | 5.1 (4.8, 5.3) | 1.58 (1.52, 1.63) |
| ≥£43,000 | 3.6 (3.4, 3.8) | 5.1 (4.8, 5.3) | 10.1 (9.7, 10.6) | 1.8 (1.6, 1.9) | 2.6 (2.5, 2.8) | 5.9 (5.6, 6.1) | 1.52 (1.46, 1.58) |
| p (Highest to lowest) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.915 |
| % Differencec | 24 | 21 | 17 | 20 | 13 | 16 | -2 |
Mean values (95% confidence intervals), and statistical and percent difference between the lowest and highest socioeconomic groups
aEducational attainment: ‘Low’ indicates compulsory school education and corresponding qualifications; ‘Medium’ indicates further education academic or vocational qualifications; ‘High’ represents degree or higher qualifications
bTotal household income equivalised using a version of the OECD’s modified equivalence scale
cPercent difference computed as 100*((Higher SES-Lower SES)/lower SES)