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. 2017 Aug 4;6(8):e005506. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.005506

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© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Echocardiography revealed reduced left ventricular (LV) mass but normal cardiac function in adult mice after prenatal rapamycin treatment. A, Interventricular septum (IVS) and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) thickness in end‐diastole (dia) and end‐systole (sys) were reduced in adult hearts after prenatal rapamycin compared with vehicle treatment, even though systolic LVPW missed statistical significance. B, End‐diastolic and end‐systolic left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) was not different between the groups. C, LV mass calculated from echocardiography data was significantly reduced in adult mice after prenatal mTORC1 inhibition compared with vehicle‐treated animals, whereas the LV mass/BW ratio was unaffected. D, Rapamycin‐treated adults did not show impairment of LV contractility, as indicated by normal fractional shortening (FS). E, LV stroke volume, heart rate, and cardiac output were normal in rapamycin‐ compared with vehicle‐treated adults. A through E, Vehicle n=7, rapamycin n=9. (*P<0.05, **P<0.01). mTORC1 indicates mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1.