Table 3.
Effects of IMT on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Parameters
| Parameter | Before IMT, Mean±SD | After IMT, Mean±SD | P Value | Changea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Workload, W | 120±28 | 118±28 | 1.00 | −0.1 (−5.2 to 5.0) |
| Peak HR, beats/min | 174±15 | 171±19 | 0.19 | −4.1 (−10.4 to 2.3) |
| Peak systolic BP, mm Hg | 133±23 | 134±15 | 0.66 | 4.2 (−3.5 to 11.9) |
| Peak diastolic BP, mm Hg | 68±8 | 70±9 | 0.91 | 3.7 (−2.3 to 9.7) |
| Lowest saturation, % | 87±7 | 86±6 | 0.37 | −1.6 (−5.2 to 2.1) |
| RER | 1.3±0.1 | 1.3±0.2 | 0.32 | 0.04 (−0.05 to 0.13) |
| Peak VO2, mL/min per kg | 26.8±6.8 | 26.0±7.2 | 0.05 | −6.04 (−7.66 to 4.43) |
| O2 pulse, mL/beat | 9.2±2.2 | 8.7±2.0 | 0.32 | −0.26 (−0.79 to 0.28) |
| VE/VCO2 slope | 34.2±7.8 | 32.2±5.6 | 0.04 | −2.24 (−4.63 to −0.18) |
| Peak VT, L | 1.6±0.5 | 1.6±0.6 | 0.67 | −0.03 (−0.17 to 0.11) |
| Peak VE, L/min | 64.2±13.5 | 62.2±18.3 | 0.56 | −1.42 (−6.41 to 3.56) |
| Peak VCO2, L/min | 1.7±0.5 | 1.6±0.5 | 0.27 | −0.05 (−0.16 to 0.05) |
| Breathing reserve, % | 33.0±9.6 | 34.5±9.8 | 0.54 | 0.01 (−0.04 to 0.06) |
| Borg score | 17±2 | 18±1 | 0.51 | 0.3 (−0.7 to 1.3) |
BP indicates blood pressure; HR, heart rate; IMT, inspiratory muscle training; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; VCO2, carbon dioxide production; VE, minute ventilation; VO2, oxygen consumption; VT, tidal volume.
a
Calculated as post‐IMT values minus pre‐IMT values, expressed as mean change (95% confidence interval).