Table 2.
Characteristics of Excluded Participants
| Characteristics | CheckPoint (Age 11–12 Y) | Wave 6 (Age 10–11 Y) | Wave 1 (Age 0–1 Y) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analytic Sample (n=1477) | Excluded (n=397) | Total (n=1874) | Analytic Sample (n=1477) | Excluded (n=2287) | Total (n=3764) | Analytic Sample (n=1477) | Excluded (n=3630) | Total (n=5107) | |
| Family SEP at assessment | 0.24 (0.97) | −0.09 (1.02) | 0.17 (0.99) | 0.24 (0.97) | −0.16 (0.99) | 0.00 (1.00) | 0.37 (0.94) | −0.15 (0.98) | 0.00 (1.00) |
| Neighborhood SEP at assessment | 1032 (68) | 1013 (70) | 1028 (69) | 1032 (68) | 1005 (74) | 1016 (73) | 1021 (83) | 997 (75) | 1004 (79) |
| Male sex (%) | 738 (50.0) | 217 (54.7) | 955 (51.0) | 738 (50.0) | 1191 (52.1) | 1929 (51.2) | 738 (50.0) | 1870 (51.5) | 2608 (51.1) |
| Age at assessment, y | 11.9 (0.4) | 12.2 (0.4) | 11.9 (0.4) | 10.9 (0.3) | 10.9 (0.3) | 10.9 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) |
| Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander (%) | 21 (1.4) | 16 (4.0) | 37 (2.0) | 21 (1.4) | 85 (3.7) | 106 (2.8) | 21 (1.4) | 209 (5.8) | 230 (4.5) |
| Non‐English language at home (%) | 104 (7.0) | 44 (11.1) | 148 (7.9) | 104 (7.0) | 225 (9.8) | 329 (8.7) | 104 (7.0) | 437 (12.0) | 541 (10.6) |
| Ever exposed to smoke at home (%) | 211 (14.3) | 88 (22.2) | 299 (16.0) | 211 (14.3) | 588 (25.7) | 799 (21.2) | 106 (7.7) | 541 (18.2) | 647 (14.9) |
| Height at assessment, cm | 153.5 (8.0) | 155.4 (7.9) | 153.9 (8.0) | 146.3 (7.1) | 146.2 (7.2) | 146.2 (7.1) | 0.3 (1.2)a | 0.2 (1.2)a | 0.2 (1.2)a |
| Weight at assessment, kg | 45.4 (10.4) | 47.5 (11.3) | 45.8 (10.6) | 39.9 (8.6) | 40.9 (10.1) | 40.5 (9.6) | 0.0 (1.1)a | −0.1 (1.1)a | 0.0 (1.1)a |
| Body mass index z score, CDC | 0.30 (0.97) | 0.32 (1.05) | 0.31 (0.99) | 0.22 (1.10) | 0.31 (1.24) | 0.27 (1.19) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 108.2 (8.0) | 108.0 (8.6) | 108.1 (8.1) | 97.0 (10.6) | 98.1 (11.4) | 97.6 (11.1) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 62.9 (5.6) | 60.7 (6.4) | 62.41 (5.9) | 58.2 (8.0) | 58.9 (8.6) | 58.6 (8.3) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Estimated mean arterial pressure, mm Hg | 78.0 (5.7) | 76.5 (6.4) | 77.66 (5.9) | 71.1 (7.7) | 72.0 (8.5) | 71.6 (8.2) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Puberty development category (%) | ··· | ··· | ··· | ||||||
| Prepubertal | 138 (10.1) | 27 (7.4) | 165 (9.5) | 606 (41.3) | 851 (38.9) | 1457 (39.9) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Early pubertal | 346 (25.3) | 99 (27.1) | 445 (25.7) | 385 (26.2) | 626 (28.6) | 1011 (27.7) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Midpubertal | 713 (52.2) | 170 (46.6) | 883 (51.0) | 440 (30.0) | 627 (28.7) | 1067 (29.2) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Late pubertal | 165 (12.1) | 64 (17.5) | 229 (13.2) | 36 (2.5) | 80 (3.7) | 116 (3.2) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Postpubertal | 4 (0.3) | 5 (1.4) | 9 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.2) | 4 (0.1) | ··· | ··· | ··· |
| Highest parental education category at assessment (%) | |||||||||
| Tertiary graduate | 874 (59.2) | 176 (44.3) | 1050 (56.0) | 874 (59.2) | 952 (41.8) | 1826 (48.6) | 822 (56.7) | 1148 (36.4) | 1970 (42.8) |
| Y 12 and diploma/certificate | 346 (23.4) | 113 (28.5) | 459 (24.5) | 346 (23.4) | 633 (27.8) | 979 (26.1) | 328 (22.6) | 853 (27.0) | 1181 (25.7) |
| Y 12 only | 82 (5.6) | 43 (10.8) | 125 (6.7) | 82 (5.6) | 200 (8.8) | 282 (7.5) | 129 (8.9) | 374 (11.9) | 503 (10.9) |
| Y <12 and diploma/certificate | 149 (10.1) | 51 (12.8) | 200 (10.7) | 149 (10.1) | 392 (17.2) | 541 (14.4) | 136 (9.4) | 519 (16.5) | 655 (14.2) |
| Y <12 only | 26 (1.8) | 14 (3.5) | 40 (2.1) | 26 (1.8) | 102 (4.5) | 128 (3.4) | 34 (2.3) | 261 (8.3) | 295 (6.4) |
| Highest parental occupational category at assessment (%) | |||||||||
| Manager/professional (ANZSCO 1–2) | 979 (67.1) | 218 (56.5) | 1197 (64.9) | 979 (67.1) | 1177 (53.7) | 2156 (59.0) | 856 (61.5)b | 1346 (48.3)b | 2202 (52.7)b |
| Trade/services (ANZSCO 3–4) | 283 (19.4) | 98 (25.4) | 381 (20.7) | 283 (19.4) | 565 (25.8) | 848 (23.2) | 295 (21.2)b | 738 (26.5)b | 1033 (24.7)b |
| Clerical/sales (ANZSCO 5–6) | 152 (10.4) | 53 (13.7) | 205 (11.1) | 152 (10.4) | 294 (13.4) | 446 (12.2) | 159 (11.4)b | 384 (13.8)b | 543 (13.0)b |
| Laborer/driver/operator (ANZSCO 7–8) | 45 (3.1) | 17 (4.4) | 62 (3.4) | 45 (3.1) | 157 (7.2) | 202 (5.5) | 82 (5.9)b | 318 (11.4)b | 400 (9.6)b |
| Equivalized household income at assessment, $AUD/week | 1140 (794–1579) | 995 (625–1379) | 1100 (751–1547) | 1140 (794–1579) | 957 (608–1379) | 1027 (670–1455) | 767 (553–1032) | 642 (424–894) | 674 (460–950) |
Continuous, normally distributed variables were reported as mean (standard deviation) and categorical variables as number (%). Equivalized household income (in AUD) calculated as household (parental and other) weekly income divided by the square root of the number of family members, summarized by median (interquartile range). The final CheckPoint sample size was 1874 because 1 family declined to share their data after participation. ANZSCO indicates Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations; AUD, Australian dollars; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CheckPoint, Child Health CheckPoint; IMT, intima–media thickness; LSAC, Longitudinal Study of Australian Children; SEP, socioeconomic position.
Birth weight and height z scores, based on Australian sex and gestational age reference values.29
Parental occupation categories were measured at LSAC wave 2 (age 2–3 years).