Table 2.
Association Between Intensity and Type of Physical Activity (2008/2009) and Sedentary Time (1997/1999) With 5‐Year Change in PWV (Between 2008/2009 and 2012/2013)
| 5‐Year Change in PWV | ||
|---|---|---|
| Mean Difference (95% CI)a | ||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| Total physical activity (per 1‐MET h/w) | −0.002 (−0.004, 0.0004) | −0.001 (−0.003, 0.001) |
| Intensity of physical activity (per 1‐h/w) | ||
| Moderate to vigorousb | −0.028 (−0.046, −0.011) | −0.018 (−0.035, −0.001) |
| Mild | 0.006 (−0.002, 0.014) | 0.006 (−0.002, 0.015) |
| Type of physical activity (per 1‐h/w) | ||
| Sportsb | −0.021 (−0.037, −0.006) | −0.016 (−0.031, −0.001) |
| Housework | 0.006 (−0.004, 0.016) | 0.007 (−0.003, 0.017) |
| Gardening | 0.006 (−0.008, 0.021) | 0.009 (−0.005, 0.023) |
| Do it yourself | −0.010 (−0.030, 0.011) | −0.007 (−0.027, 0.014) |
| Walking (per 1‐MET h/w) | 0.002 (−0.001, 0.004) | 0.001 (−0.002, 0.004) |
| Cycling (per 1‐MET h/w)c | −0.019 (−0.027, −0.010) | −0.016 (−0.025, −0.008) |
| Sedentary time in 1997/1999 (per 1‐h/w) | ||
| Sitting for leisureb | 0.007 (0.001, 0.013) | 0.007 (0.001, 0.013) |
| Sitting at work/commutec | −0.013 (−0.017, −0.009) | −0.011 (−0.016, −0.007) |
Model 1 values are adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and mean arterial pressure. Model 2 values are additionally adjusted for heart rate, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, alcohol intake, total cholesterol levels, history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension medication. MET indicates metabolic equivalent; PWV, pulse wave velocity.
a
Mean difference compared with average 5‐year increase in PWV 0.76 m/s (95% CI 0.69, 0.83).
b
P<0.05.
c
P<0.001.