Table 1.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Echocardiographic Parameters According to Degree of SBP Control
| SBP <120 mm Hg (n=47) | SBP 120–139 mm Hg (n=214) | SBP ≥140 mm Hg (n=159) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 68.0±9.1a | 70.6±9.1a | 73.9±9.0 | <0.001 |
| Male sex, No., % | 15 (31.9) | 79 (36.9) | 47 (29.6) | 0.320 |
| Diabetes mellitus, No., % | 15 (31.9) | 78 (36.5) | 60 (37.7) | 0.767 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, No., % | 35 (74.5) | 149 (70.0) | 105 (66.0) | 0.513 |
| History of CAD, No., % | 4 (8.5) | 18 (8.4) | 8 (5.0) | 0.423 |
| Atrial fibrillation, No., % | 6 (12.8) | 14 (6.5) | 9 (5.7) | 0.230 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 113.6±5.4a, b | 129.9±5.6a | 152.7±12.3 | <0.001 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 69.7±7.0a, b | 73.6±7.8a | 78.9±10.1 | <0.001 |
| More than 1 antihypertensive medication, No., % | 12 (25.5)a | 76 (35.5)a | 77 (48.4) | 0.005 |
| ACEI/ARB (n=381) | 19/42 (45.2) | 77/194 (39.7) | 66/145 (45.5) | 0.523 |
| β‐Blocker (n=389) | 20/43 (46.5) | 74/197 (37.6) | 59/149 (39.6) | 0.551 |
| Calcium channel blocker (n=383) | 8/42 (19.1) | 80/195 (41.0) | 74/146 (50.7) | 0.001 |
| Diuretics (n=374) | 7/41 (17.1) | 53/188 (28.2) | 52/145 (35.9) | 0.052 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.3±4.9 | 28.7±4.7 | 28.8±5.1 | 0.791 |
| Obesity, No., % | 14 (29.8) | 77 (36.0) | 57 (35.9) | 0.708 |
| Race/ethnicity, No. (%) | 0.531 | |||
| Black | 3 (6.4) | 35 (16.4) | 24 (15.1) | |
| White | 3 (6.4) | 18 (8.4) | 17 (10.7) | |
| Hispanic | 40 (85.1) | 159 (74.3) | 117 (73.6) | |
| Other | 1 (2.1) | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | |
| LV structure and function | ||||
| LV end‐diastolic diameter, mm | 44.4±4.4 | 45.1±5.0 | 45.6±5.0 | 0.354 |
| LV end‐systolic diameter, mm | 27.7±4.5 | 28.2±5.1 | 28.8±5.3 | 0.297 |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 62.5±6.0 | 63.6±7.2 | 63.9±7.6 | 0.507 |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.50±0.07 | 0.51±0.10 | 0.52±0.10 | 0.469 |
| E wave, cm/s | 68.1±17.3 | 69.7±17.2 | 72.2±18.8 | 0.250 |
| E/A ratio | 0.84±0.24 | 0.82±0.37 | 0.79±0.35 | 0.594 |
| e′, cm/s | 7.8±1.8a, b | 7.1±1.7a | 6.4±1.5 | <0.001 |
| E/e′ ratio | 9.1±2.9a | 10.2±3.1a | 11.7±3.3 | <0.001 |
Values are mean±SD or number (percentage). A indicates late diastolic transmitral flow velocity; ACEI, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; E, early diastolic transmitral flow velocity; e′, early diastolic mitral annular velocity; LV, left ventricular.
a
P<0.05 vs systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mm Hg.
b
P<0.05 vs SBP 120 to 139 mm Hg.