Figure 4.

First postoperative urine IL-18 and KIM-1 collected 0–6 hours after cardiac surgery differs between children and adults. (A) Comparing children to adults, IL-18 shows a similar association with AKI but different distribution and biomarker cutoffs. (B) KIM-1 shows a similar control distribution but a different association with AKI. AKI was defined by receipt of acute dialysis or a doubling in serum creatinine from the preoperative serum creatinine value (stage II AKI). Sample collection protocols and biomarker assays were similar in adults and children. KIM-1, kidney injury molecule 1; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.