Table 1.
Demographic patient data and surgical characteristics
| GDT | Control | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male/female), n | 17/23 | 18/22 | 0.822 |
| Age, years | 55 ± 13 | 53 ± 10 | 0.505 |
| Weight, kg | 59 ± 10 | 62 ± 11 | 0.216 |
| Height, cm | 162 ± 8 | 164 ± 9 | 0.329 |
| BMI | 22.66 ± 3.22 | 23.25 ± 3.24 | 0.421 |
| Position (supine/prone), n | 25/15 | 22/18 | 0.496 |
| ASA (I/II/III), n | 17/22/1 | 17/21/2 | 0.837 |
| Surgery | |||
| Hip | 21 (52.5) | 20 (50.0) | 0.823 |
| Spine | 16 (40.0) | 18 (45.0) | 0.651 |
| Femur | 2 (5.0) | 1 (2.5) | 1.000 |
| Sacrum | 1 (2.5) | 1 (2.5) | 1.000 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Hypertension | 11 (27.5) | 15 (37.5) | 0.340 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (5.0) | 7 (17.5) | 0.157 |
| Anemia | 5 (12.5) | 2 (5.0) | 0.432 |
| COPD | 2 (5.0) | 1 (2.5) | 1.000 |
| Multiple trauma | 3 (7.5) | 2 (5.0) | 1.000 |
| Tuberculosis | 2 (5.0) | 0 (0) | 0.494 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0 (0) | 1 (2.5) | 1.000 |
| Heart block | 2 (5.0) | 1 (2.5) | 1.000 |
| Cerebral infarction | 1 (2.5) | 2 (5.0) | 1.000 |
| Duration of surgery, min | 175 ± 100 | 162 ± 80 | 0.520 |
| Intraoperative BIS | 52 ± 2 | 53 ± 2 | 0.298 |
Values are presented as means ± SD or numbers (s%) unless otherwise stated. ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BIS = bispectral index.