Table 3.

Cancer and pain characteristics variables and their associations with PMI status (n=371)

Characteristics		PMI positive		PMI negative		p-value
		n	%	n	%
Cancer
Primary cancer	Head and neck	70	25.4	22	23.2	0.95
	Lung	7	2.5	3	3.2
	Gastrointestinal	61	22.1	21	22.1
	Breast	31	11.2	12	12.6
	Genitourinary	61	22.1	18	18.9
	Other	46	16.7	19	20.0
Bone metastases	No	182	65.9	60	63.2	0.62
	Yes	94	34.1	35	36.8
Head/neck metastases	No	254	92.0	93	97.9	0.04
	Yes	22	8.0	2	2.1
Central nervous system metastases	No	258	93.5	92	96.8	0.22
	Yes	18	6.5	3	3.2
Chemotherapya	No	150	54.3	54	56.8	0.67
	Yes	126	45.7	41 43.2
Surgerya	No	189	68.5	70	73.7	0.34
	Yes	87	31.5	25	26.3
Radiotherapya	No	134	48.6	61	64.2	0.008
	Yes	142	51.4	34	35.8
Palliative goal	No	140	50.7	55	57.9	0.23
	Yes	136	49.3	40	42.1
Pain
Nociceptive visceral	No	195	70.7	64	67.4	0.55
	Yes	81	29.3	31	32.6
Nociceptive bone pain	No	165	59.8	57	60.0	0.97
	Yes	111	40.2	38	40.0
DN4 positive	No	151	54.7	59	62.1	0.21
	Yes	125	45.3	36	37.9
Breakthrough pain	No	157	56.9	55	57.9	0.86
	Yes	119	43.1	40	42.1
Incident pain	No	105	38.0	46	48.4	0.07
	Yes	171	62.0	49	51.6
No opioids	No	263	95.3	66	69.5	<0.001
	Yes	13 4.7		29	30.5
Adjuvant use	No	112	40.6	49	51.6	0.06
	≥1	164	59.4	46	48.4
Pain duration	≤3 months	147	53.3	45	47.4	0.32
	>3 months	129	46.7	50	52.6

Note:

^aWithin the last 30 days before the initial consultation at the pain clinic; DN4 – neuropathic pain diagnostic questionnaire (positive: total score≥4).

Abbreviations: DN4, “Douleur Neuropathique 4”; PMI, pain management index.